Volume 8 Sources Cited

Allen (PG)
Allen, John Logan. Passage through the Garden: Lewis and Clark and the Image of the American Northwest. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1975.
AOU
American Ornithologists' Union. Check-list of North American Birds.
6th ed.
Baltimore, Md.: American Ornithologists' Union, 1983.
[AOU] in brackets with numbers refers to a species item number in the book.
Appleman (LC)
Appleman, Roy E. Lewis and Clark: Historic Places Associated with Their Transcontinental Exploration (1804–1806). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, 1975.
Atlas
Moulton, Gary E., ed. Atlas of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983.
Bailey
Bailey, L. H. Manual of Cultivated Plants.
Rev. ed.
New York: Macmillan, 1949.
Baldwin (KA)
Baldwin, Leland D. The Keelboat Age on Western Waters. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1941.
Barkley
Barkley, T. M., ed. Atlas of the Flora of the Great Plains. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1977.
Benson (HLCE)
Benson, Keith R. Herpetology on the Lewis and Clark Expedition: 1804–1806. Herpetological Review 3 (1978): 87–91.
Bergantino
Bergantino, Robert N. Lewis's Fight with the Blackfeet: A Re-evaluation of the Site. Butte, Montana, 1990.
Berry
Berry, Don. A Majority of Scoundrels: An Informal History of the Rocky Mountain Fur Company. New York: Harper, 1961.
Boivin & Lôve
Boivin, Bernard, and D. Lôve. Poa agassizensis, a New Prairie Bluegrass. Le Naturaliste Canadien 87 (June–July 1960): 173–80.
Booth & Wright
Booth, W. E., and J. C. Wright. Flora of Montana, Part II. Bozeman: Montana State University, 1959.
Brackenridge
Brackenridge, Henry M. Journal of a Voyage up the River Missouri Performed in Eighteen Hundred and Eleven.
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Bradbury
Bradbury, John. Travels in the Interior of America, in the Years 1809, 1810, and 1811. . . .
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Bradley (MS)
Bradley, James H. The Bradley Manuscript, Book 2. Contributions to the Historical Society of Montana 8 (1917): 126–96.
Bradley (MMC)
——— The March of the Montana Column: A Prelude to the Custer Disaster. Edited by Edgar I. Stewart. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961.
Brown
Brown, Lloyd A. The Story of Maps. Boston: Little, Brown, 1949.
Burroughs
Burroughs, Raymond Darwin. The Natural History of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1961.
Carter (RC)
Carter, Harvey L. Ramsay Crooks.
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Carter (RM)
——— Robert McClellan.
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Chittenden
Chittenden, Hiram M. The American Fur Trade of the Far West.
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Christman
Christman, Gene M. The Mountain Bison. American West 8 (May 1971): 44–47.
Chuinard (OOMD)
Chuinard, Eldon G. Only One Man Died: The Medical Aspects of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Glendale, Calif.: Arthur H. Clark, 1979.
Cook
Cook, Warren L. Flood Tide of Empire: Spain and the Pacific Norhtwest, 1543–1819. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1973.
Coues (HLC)
Coues, Elliott, ed. History of the Expedition under the Command of Lewis and Clark. . . . 1893
Reprint. 3 vols.
New York: Dover Publications, 1965.
Coues (NLEH)
———, ed. New Light on the Early History of the Greater Northwest.
3 vols.
New York: Harper, 1897.
Criswell
Criswell, Elijah Harry. Lewis and Clark: Linguistic Pioneers. University of Missouri Studies, vol. 15, no. 2. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1940.
Cruikshank
Cruikshank, Ernest Alexander. Robert Dickson, the Indian Trader. Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin 12: 133–53. Madison, Wis.: Democrat Publishing Company, 1892.
Cutright (LCPN)
Cutright, Paul Russell. Lewis and Clark: Pioneering Naturalists. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1969.
Dickson (HH)
Dickson, Frank H. Hard on the Heels of Lewis and Clark. Montana, the Magazine of Western History 26 (Winter 1976): 14–25.
Dickson (JD)
———. Joseph Dickson.
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Dorn
Dorn, Robert D. Vascular Plants of Montana. Cheyenne, Wyo.: Mountain West Publishing, 1984.
Ehrenberg
Ehrenberg, Ralph. Our Heritage in Maps: 'Sketch of Part of the Missouri & Yellowstone Rivers with a Description of the Country &c.' Prologue, the Journal of the National Archives 3 (Fall 1971): 73–78.
Ewers (BRNP)
Ewers, John C. The Blackfeet: Raiders on the Northwestern Plains. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1958.
Ewers (ILUM)
———. Indian Life on the Upper Missouri. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1968.
Fahey
Fahey, John. The Flathead Indians. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1974.
Fernald
Fernald, Merritt Lyndon. Gray's Manual of Botany.
8th ed.
New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1950.
Foley
Foley, William E. The Genesis of Missouri: From Wilderness Outpost to Statehood. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1989.
Foley & Rice
Foley, William E., and C. David Rice. The First Chouteaus: River Barons of Early St. Louis. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983.
Frazer, Robert W. Forts of the West: Military Forts and Presidios and Posts Commonly Called Forts West of the Mississippi River to 1898. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1965.
Frey
Frey, Rodney. The World of the Crow Indians: As Driftwood Lodges. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987.
Glover
Glover, Richard, ed. David Thompson's Narrative, 1784–1812. Toronto: Champlain Society, 1962.
Hafen
Hafen, LeRoy E., ed. The Mountain Men and the Fur Trade of the Far West.
10 vols.
Glendale, Calif.: Arthur H. Clark, 1965.
Hagan
Hagan, William T. The Sac and Fox Indians. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1958.
Hahn
Hahn, Barton E. Flora of Montana: Conifers and Monocots. Bozeman: Montana State University, 1977.
Hanson
Hanson, Charles E. The Northwest Gun. Lincoln: Nebraska State Historical Society, 1955.
Harris
Harris, Burton. John Colter: His Years in the Rockies. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1952.
Hassrick
Hassrick, Royal B. The Sioux: Life and Customs of a Warrior Society. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1964.
Hay & Werner
Hay, Thomas Robson, and M. R. Werner. The Admirable Trumpeter: A Biography of General James Wilkinson. New York: Doubleday, Doran, and Company, 1941.
Heitman
Heitman, Francis B. Historical Register of the United States Army, from Its Organization, September 29, 1789, to September 29, 1889. Washington, D.C.: National Tribune, 1890.
Hitchcock & Chase
Hitchcock, A. S. Manual of the Grasses of the United States.
Revised by Agnes Chase. 2d ed. 2 vols.
New York: Dover Publications, 1971.
Hitchcock et al.
Hitchcock, C. Leo, Arthur Cronquist, Marion Ownbey, and J. W. Thompson. Vascular Plants of the Pacific Northwest.
5 vols.
Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1955–69.
Hodge
Hodge, Frederick Webb, ed. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico.
1912. Reprint. 2 vols.
St. Clair Shores, Mich.: Scholarly Press, 1968.
Hollon
Hollon, W. Eugene. The Lost Pathfinder: Zebulon Montgomery Pike. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1949.
Holmgren
Holmgren, Virginia C. A Glossary of Bird Names Cited by Lewis and Clark. We Proceeded On 10 (May 1984): 28–34.
Houck
Houck, Louis. A History of Missouri from the Earliest Explorations and Settlements until the Admission of the State into the Union.
3 vols.
Chicago: R. R. Donnelley and Sons, 1908.
Hyde (IHP)
Hyde, George E. Indians of the High Plains: From the Prehistoric Period to the Coming of the Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1959.
Innis
Innis, Harold A. The Fur Trade in Canada: An Introduction to Canadian Economic History. 1930.
Reprint.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1970.
Irving (Astor)
Irving, Washington. Astoria. 1836.
Reprint.
Portland, Oreg.: Binfords and Mort, 1967.
Jackson (DS)
Jackson, Donald. Call Him a Good Old Dog, But Don't Call Him Scannon. We Proceeded On 11 (August 1985): 5–8.
Jackson (SBLC)
———. Some Books Carried by Lewis and Clark. Bulletin of the Missouri Historical Society 16 (October 1959): 3–13.
Jackson (JP)
———, ed. The Journals of Zebulon Montgomery Pike with Letters and Related Documents.
2 vols.
Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1966.
Jackson (LLC)
———, ed. Letters of the Lewis and Clark Expedition with Related Documents, 1783–1854.
2d ed. 2 vols.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1978.
James
James, Thomas. Three Years Among the Indians and Mexicans. Edited by Milo M. Quaife. New York: Citadel Press, 1967.
Josephy (NP)
Josephy, Alvin M., Jr. The Nez Perce Indians and the Opening of the Northwest. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.
Lamb
Lamb, W. Kaye, ed. The Journals and Letters of Sir Alexander Mackenzie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970.
Lavender (FW)
Lavender, David. The First in the Wilderness. New York: Doubleday, 1964.
Little (CIH)
Little, Elbert L., Jr. Atlas of United States Trees. Vol. 1, Conifers and Important Hardwoods. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1971.
Little (MWH)
———. Atlas of United States Trees. Vol. 3, Minor Western Hardwoods. Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1976.
Long
Long, John. Voyages and Travels of an Indian Interpreter and Trader. . . .
In Thwaites (EWT)
2: 21–329.
Loomis & Nasatir
Loomis, Noel M., and Abraham P. Nasatir. Pedro Vial and the Roads to Santa Fe. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1967.
McDermott (GMVF)
McDermott, John Francis. A Glossary of Mississippi Valley French, 1673–1850. St. Louis: Washington University, 1941.
Majors
Majors, Harry M. John McClellan in the Montana Rockies, 1807: The First Americans after Lewis and Clark. Northwest Discovery 2 (November–December 1981): 554–630.
Mattes (JR)
Mattes, Merrill J. Joseph Robidoux.
In Hafen,
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Mattes (FR)
———. Report on Historic Sites in the Fort Randall Reservoir Area, Missouri River, South Dakota. South Dakota Historical Collections 24 (1949): 470–588.
Mattison (OR)
Mattison, Ray H. Report on Historical Aspects of the Oahe Reservoir Area, Missouri River, South and North Dakota. South Dakota Historical Collections 27 (1943): 1–159.
Mattison (GP)
———. Report on Historic Sites Adjacent to the Missouri River, Between the Big Sioux River and Fort Randall Dam, Including Those in the Gavins Point Reservoir Area. South Dakota Historical Collections 28 (1956): 22–98.
Mattison (GR)
———. Report on Historic Sites in the Garrison Reservoir Area, Missouri River. North Dakota History 22 (January–April 1955): 5–73.
Mattison (BB)
———. Report on the Historic Sites in the Big Bend Reservoir Area, South Dakota. South Dakota Historical Collections 31 (1962): 243–86.
Meyer
Meyer, Roy W. The Village Indians of the Upper Missouri: The Mandans, Hidatsas, and Arikaras. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1977.
Miller (MNA)
Miller, Orson K., Jr. Mushrooms of North America. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1972.
MRC
Missouri River Commission. Map of the Missouri River from Its Mouth to Three Forks, Montana, in Eighty-four Sheets. Washington, D.C.: Missouri River Commission, 1892–95.
MRY
Missouri River: Gavins Point Near Yankton, South Dakota to Stanton, North Dakota. Omaha, Nebr.: Corps of Engineers, 1949.
MRM
Missouri River: Mouth to Rulo. Kansas City, Mo.: Corps of Engineers, 1947–49.
MRR
Missouri River: Rulo, Nebraska, to Yankton, South Dakota. Omaha, Nebr.: Corps of Engineers, 1947–49.
Morgan
Morgan, Dale L., ed. The West of William H. Ashley, 1822–1838. Denver: Old West Publishing Company, 1964.
Mueggler & Stewart
Mueggler, Walter F., and William L. Stewart. Grassland and Shrubland Habitat Types of Western Montana. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report INT-66. Ogden, Utah, 1980.
Munnick (PD)
Munnick, Harriet D. Pierre Dorion.
In Hafen,
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Nasatir (BR)
Nasatir, Abraham P. Borderland in Retreat: From Spanish Louisiana to the Far Southwest. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1976.
Ney
Ney, Virgil. Fort on the Prairie: Fort Atkinson on the Council Bluff, 1819–1827. Washington, D.C.: Command Publications, 1978.
Oglesby
Oglesby, Richard Edward. Manuel Lisa and the Opening of the Missouri Fur Trade. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1963.
Osgood (ODS)
Osgood, Ernest S. Our Dog Scannon—Partner in Discovery. Montana, the Magazine of Western History 26 (Summer 1976): 8–17.
Osgood (FN)
———, ed. The Field Notes of Captain William Clark, 1803–1805. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1964.
Peebles (LT)
Peebles, John J. On the Lolo Trail: Route and Campsites of Lewis and Clark. Idaho Yesterdays 9 (Winter 1965–66): 2–15.
Peebles (RLC)
———. The Return of Lewis and Clark. Idaho Yesterdays 10 (Summer 1966): 16–27.
Peterson
Peterson, Harold L. The Book of the Continental Soldier. Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole Company, 1968.
Quaife (MLJO)
Quafe, Milo Milton, ed. The Journals of Captain Meriwether Lewis and Sergeant John Ordway Kept on the Expedition of Western Exploration, 1803–1806. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1916.
Rees
Rees, John E. The Shoshoni Contribution to Lewis and Clark. Idaho Yesterdays 2 (Summer 1958): 2–13.
Rogers
Rogers, Ann. Was it the Pawpaws? We Proceeded On 13 (February 1987): 17–18.
Ronda (AE)
Ronda, James P. Astoria and Empire. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990.
Ronda (LCAI)
Ronda, James P. Lewis and Clark among the Indians. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984.
Ronda (SLW)
———. St. Louis Welcomes and Toasts the Lewis and Clark Expedition. We Proceeded On 13 (February 1987): 19–20.
Russell (FTT)
Russell, Carl P. Firearms, Traps, and Tools of the Mountain Men. New York: Knopf, 1967.
Russell (GEF)
Russell, Carl P. Guns on the Early Frontiers: A History of Firearms from Colonial Times through the Years of the Western Fur Trade. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.
Space
Space, Ralph S. The Lolo Trail: A History of Events Connected with the Lolo Trail Since Lewis and Clark. Lewiston, Idaho: Printcraft Printing, 1970.
Speck
Speck, Gordon. Breeds and Half-Breeds. New York: Clarkson N. Potter, 1969.
Sprague (GG)
Sprague, Marshall. The Great Gates: The Story of the Rocky Mountain Passes Boston: Little, Brown, 1964.
Stoddard, Amos. Sketches, Historical and Descriptive, Of Louisiana. Philadelphia: Mathew Carey, 1812.
Thwaites (EWT)
Thwaites, Reuben Gold, ed. Early Western Travels.
32 vols.
Cleveland: Arthur H. Clark, 1904–7.
Thwaites (LC)
——— Original Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, 1804–1806.
8 vols.
New York: Dodd, Mead, 1904–5.
Uphof
Uphof, J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. New York: Verlag von J. Cramer, 1968.
Voget
Voget, Fred W. The Shoshoni-Crow Sun Dance. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984.
Wedel (NPT)
Wedel, Waldo R. Notes on the Prairie Turnip (Psoralea esculenta) Among the Plains Indians. Nebraska History 59 (Summer 1978): 154–79.
Weems
Weems, John Edward. Men Without Countries: Three Adventurers of the Early Southwest. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.
Welsh et al.
Welsh, S. L., N. D. Atwood, L. C. Higgins, and S. Goodrich. A Utah Flora. Great Basin Naturalist Memoir No. 9. Provo: Brigham Young University, 1987.
West
West, Helen B. Meriwether Lewis in Blackfeet Country. Museum of the Plains Indian, Browning, Montana, 1964.
Wheeler
Wheeler, Olin D. The Trail of Lewis and Clark, 1804–1806.
2 vols.
New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1904.
Wood & Moulton
Wood, W. Raymond, and Gary E. Moulton. Prince Maximilian and New Maps of the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers. Western Historical Quarterly 12 (October 1981): 373–86.
Wood & Thiessen
Wood, W. Raymond, and Thomas D. Thiessen, eds. Early Fur Trade on the Northern Plains: Canadian Traders among the Mandan and Hidatsa Indians, 1738–1818. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985.