Journals of the
Lewis & Clark Expedition

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Your search returned 608 results from all items Search Only Journals

August 28, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • we hoisted the large flag.    the chiefs hoisted theirs also. Several men out a hunting Several a fishing with gigs fixed on poles.   
  • our hunters killed nothing this day    in the evening two Strangers arived here from an other band belonging to this nation who now reside Some distance to the South of this near the Spanish country.    all the chiefs and principal men assembled to hold a council & hear the news &C    these Savages are fond of Salt.   
  • August 28, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
September 23, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • also they are fond of any kind of marchandize, but the blue beeds they want mostly.    our officers gave the chiefs of this nation a flag a meddle and Some other Small articles    their is another village about 2 miles further down the plain    they gave the chief of that village a flag and meddle also.   
  • September 23, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
November 23, 1805 - Clark, William
  • in the evening Seven indians of the Clot Sop (Clatsop Indians) Nation Came over in a Canoe, they brought with them 2 Sea otter Skins for which they asked blue beads &c. and Such high pricies that we were unable to purchase them without reducing our Small Stock of merchendize, on which we depended for Subcistance on our return up this river—    mearly to try the Indian who had one of those Skins, I offered him my Watch, handerchief a bunch of red beads and a dollar of the American Coin, all of which he refused and demanded "ti-â, co-mo-shack["] which is Chief beads and the most common blue beads, but fiew of which we 〈happen to〉 have at this time This nation is the remains of a large nation destroyed by the Small pox or Some other which those people were not aquainted with, they Speak the Same language of the Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) and resemble them in every respect except that of Stealing, which we have not Cought them at as yet.
  • The word is Chinookan (Chinook Indians) tiaq̓mušakš, "chief beads."
  • November 23, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 27, 1805 - Clark, William
  • In the evening Co-mo wool (Coboway) the Chief and 4 men of the Clat Sop (Clatsop Indians) nation the[y] presented us a root which resembles the licquirish in Size and taste, which they roste like a potato which they Call Cul ho-mo, also a black root which is cured in a kill like the pash-a-co above; this root has a Sweet taste and the natives are verry fond of it—    they Call this root Shaw-na-tâh-que. also a dried berry about the size of a Chery which they Call Shele well all those roots those Indians value highly and give them verry Spearingly. in return for the above roots Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) gave the Chief a Small piece of Sheap Skin to Ware on his head, I gave his Son a par of ear bobs and a pece of ribon, and a Small piece of brass for which they were much pleased.
  • December 27, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 9, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • There was a cloudy morning; and some hunters went out, and we proceeded on for about six miles, when we came to the old chief's lodge, where his family is encamped to gather roots. We are now got into a part of the country where timber is plenty, chiefly pitch pine.
  • At noon two of the Indians went to look for our horses, and the old chief with one of our men who knew where some powder and ball was buried, went to bring our packsaddles.
  • May 9, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
August 16, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • Yesterday and to-day, they stole several knives and spoons; and three powder-horns, and two pouches, filled with ammunition. In the afternoon the chief, called the Big-White (Big White (Sheheke)) , concluded to go down with us, and we agreed to stay until 12 o'clock to-morrow, that he might have an opportunity to get ready for his voyage and mission.
  • The small swivel cannon, which they gave to Le Borgne, or One Eye (Le Borgne (One Eye)) , the Hidatsa (Hidatsa Indians) chief.
  • August 16, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
August 17, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • Jessom (Jusseaume, René) his wife and two children    the big white (Big White (Sheheke)) the head chief of Sd. village his wife or one of his wives. I understand he has two wives.    he has only one child and takes that with him    took their baggage on board and the chief putting his arm round all the head mens necks of his nation who Set on Shore and a number crying and appeared Sorry to part with him    he took his leave of them however and we Set out and procd. on    the wind a head    Campd. on S.
  • August 17, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
April 17, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Soon after I had dispatched this party the Chief of the Enesher's (Tenino Indians) and 15 or 20 of his people visited me and appeared to be anxious to See the articles I offered for the horses.
  • I proposed going with them to their Town.    the Chief informed me that their horses were all in the plains with their womin gathering roots.   
  • I was envited into the house of the 2nd Chief were Concluded to Sleep.    this man was pore nothing to eat but dried fish, and no wood to burn.   
  • April 17, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Images from the Library of Congress
  • Crow Chief's Daughter Piegan girl standing in doorway of tepee, wearing beaded buckskin dress, Montana.
  • N.D.
  • Images
Lewis & Clark among the Indians 9. The Way Home
  • Only Drouillard returned with any prospects, bringing a lame Skilloot chief who promised some trade. The chief's presence produced a few nibbles at Clark's merchandise, but the high price placed on horses made setting the hook nearly impossible.
  • Not about to give up, Clark fell back on his doctoring talents to change the market climate. He offered salve for the chief's sores, gave "some small things" to his children, and ministered camphor and warm flannel to the ailing back of the "sulky Bitch" who was the chief's wife.
  • Taking flour made from cous roots, the chief made a thick mush and then ladled it into "the kettles and baskets of all his people."
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • James P. Ronda
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from the Library of Congress
  • Ma-Has-Kah Ma-Has-Kah or White Cloud, an Ioway chief, head and shoulders portrait, facing slightly left. LC-USZC4-4752 cph 3g04752 Creator: McKenney & Hall c1837
  • N.D.
  • Images
August 11, 1804 - Floyd, Charles
  • Floyd Satturday august 11th 1804    Set out after a verry hard Storm this morning of wind and Rain continued untill 9 oclock A m. and Cleard up    prosed on    passed a high Bluff whare the Kinge of the Mahas (Omaha Indians) Died about 4 yeares ago    the Hill on which he is berred is about 300 feet High    the nathion Goes 2 or 3 times a year to Cryes over him    Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) and Clark (Clark, William) went up on the Hill to See 〈him〉 the Grave    thay histed a flage on his Grave as 〈present〉 noner [honor] for him which will pleas the Indianes, passed the mouth of a Creek on the South Side Called Waie Con Di Peeche (Blackbird (Wau-Condi peche, Bad Spirit) Creek) or the Grait Sperit is Bad (Blackbird (Wau-Condi peche, Bad Spirit) Creek) whare this Chief 〈Didd〉 died and about 300 Hundred of his men with the Small pox    this Chiefs name was the Black Bird (Blackbird)    made 15 miles    Camped on the North Side These words are underscored in red ink.
  • August 11, 1804
  • Journals
  • Floyd, Charles
November 27, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • we finished dobbing & covering & compleating the remainder of our huts &.C—    Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) & command brought with them three chiefs from the upper villages of the Grovantaur (Hidatsa Indians) .   
  • Rivet (Rivet, François) danced on his head &C According to Clark (Clark, William) , they were Hidatsa (Hidatsa Indians) chiefs Mar-noh-tah (Big Stealer (Mar-noh-tah)) or Big Steeler (Big Stealer (Mar-noh-tah)) and Man-se-rus-se (Tail of the Calumet Bird (Man-nes-surree, Man-se-rus-se)) (Man-nes-surree (Tail of the Calumet Bird (Man-nes-surree, Man-se-rus-se)) ) or Tail of Calumet Bird (Tail of the Calumet Bird (Man-nes-surree, Man-se-rus-se)) , and a prominent, unnamed individual.
  • November 27, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
Lewis & Clark among the Indians
  • Despite what were surely inadequate translations we can still hear the voices of Mandan chief Black Cat, Clatsop headman Coboway, and Nez Perce chief Twisted Hair.
  • Therefore Lewis was instructed to organize delegations of chiefs and elders to be sent to Washington. Just as colonial Indian agents once sent Mohawks and Cherokees to London, Jefferson assumed that Omahas and Sioux in the Federal City would be properly impressed with the wealth and power of the new nation.
  • Because the Chouteaus made themselves so available and accommodating to Lewis and Clark, there has been a tendency to overlook others who provided vital and perhaps more relevant Indian information. Chief among those were John Hay and James Mackay. Hay, United States postmaster at Cahokia, was an experienced Indian trader on the Mississippi.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • James P. Ronda
November 30, 1804 - Clark, William
  • I told this nation that we Should be always willing and ready to defend them from the insults of any nation who would dare to Come to doe them injurey dureing the time we would 〈Stay〉 remain in their neighbourhood, and requstd. that they would inform us of any party who may at any time be discovered by their Patroles or Scouts; I was Sorry that the Snow in the Plains had fallen So Deep Sence the Murder of the young Chief by the Scioux (Sioux Indians) as prevented, their horses from traveling    I wished to meet those Scioux (Sioux Indians) & all others who will not open their ears, but make war on our dutiful!
  • I informed them I Should return to the fort, the Chief Said they all thanked me verry much for the fatherly protection which I Showed towards them, that the Village had been Crying all the night and day for the death of the brave young man, who fell but now they would wipe away their tears, and rejoice in their fathers protection—and Cry no more— I then Paraded & Crossed the river on the ice and Came down on the N. Side    the Snow So deep, it was verry fatigueing    arrved at the fort after night, gave a little Taffee, [NB: dram to my party]    a Cold night    the river rise to its former hite—    The Chief frequently thanked me for Comeing to protect them—    and the whole Village appeared thankfull for that measure The Awaxawi Hidatsas (Hidatsa Indians, Awaxawi) .
  • November 30, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • MT USA 111-sc-82419 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • MT USA 111-sc-82398 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1890–1891 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • Laramie River 111-sc-83147 Collections Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1874 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • A Sioux Indian village. 111-sc-82534 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
August 29, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Dorion (Dorion, Pierre, Sr.) with 5 Chiefs and about 70 men &c. [boys?] arrived on the opposite Side    we Sent over a Perogue & Mr.
  • who was tradeing with the Indians Came over with Serjt Pryer (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) , and informed us that the Chiefs were there    we Sent Serjt. Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) & yound Mr.
  • with Som Tobacco, Corn & a few Kittles for them to Cook in, with directions to inform the Chiefs that we would Speek to them tomorrow.    Those Indians brought with them for their own use 2 Elk & 6 Deer which the young men Killed on the way from their Camp 〈15〉    12 [NB: 12] miles distant.
  • August 29, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 20, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark "So-So-ne (Shoshone Indians) " the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians August 20th Tuesday 1805 Set out at half past 6 oClock and proceeded on (met maney parties of Indians) thro' a hilley Countrey to the Camp of the Indians on a branch of the Columbia River (Columbia River) , before we entered this Camp a Serimonious hault was requested by the Chief and I Smoked with all that Came around for Several pipes, we then proceeded on to the Camp & I was introduced into the only Lodge they had which was pitched in the Center for my party all the other Lodges made of bushes, after a fiew Indian Seremonies I informed the Indians the object of our journey our good intention towards them my consern for their distressed Situation, what we had done for them in makeing a piece with the Minitarras (Hidatsa Indians) Mandans (Mandan Indians) Rickara (Arikara Indians) &c. for them—.   
  • also informing them the oject of my journey down the river and requested a 〈pilot〉 guide accompany me, all of which was repeited by the Chief to the whole village. Those pore people Could only raise a Sammon & a little dried Choke Cherris for us    half the men of the tribe with the Chief turned out to hunt the antilopes, at 3 oClock after giveing a fiew Small articles as presents I set out accompanied by an old man as a 〈pilot〉 Guide (I endevered to procure as much information from thos people as possible without much Suckcess they being but little acquainted or effecting to be So—[)]    I lef one man to purchase a horse and overtake me and proceeded on thro a wide rich bottom on a beaten Roade 8 miles    Crossed the river and encamped on a Small run, this evening passed a number of old lodges, and met a number of men women children & horses, met a man who appeared of Some Consideration who turned back with us, he halted a woman & gave us 3 Small Sammon, this man continued with me all night and partook of what I had which was a little Pork verry Salt.
  • August 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 3, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • M. we were visited by our near neighbours, Chief or Tiá, Co-mo-wool (Coboway) ; alias Conia (Coboway) and six Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) .   
  • this reminded us of the necessity of taking time by the forelock, and keep out several parties while we have yet a little meat beforehand.— I gave the Chief Commowooll (Coboway) a pare of sattin breechies with which he appeared much pleased.— In Chinookan (Chinook Indians) the term is tia. In the Chinook (Chinook Indians) jargon it is táyi which is borrowed from the Nootkan word ta·yi,; all mean "chief." The Tillamooks (Tillamook Indians) ; the direction should be southwest.
  • January 3, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
February 20, 1806 - Clark, William
  • The forenoon we were visited by Tâh-cum (Tah-cum) a principal chief of the Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) and 25 men of his nation.    we had never Seen this Chief before    he is a good looking man of about 50 years of age reather larger in Statue than most of his nation; as he came on a friendly visit we gave himself and party something to eate and plyed them plenty fully with Smoke.    we gave this chief a small Medal with which he Seamed much pleased.    in the evening at Sunset we desired them to depart as is our custom and Close our gates.   
  • February 20, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 10, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Ree (Arikara Indians) villge.    10th Oct. About 2 oClock P. M. the chiefs & Warrirs of the Rick a Rees (Arikara Indians) Nation assembled at our Camp under the american flag to Counsel with our Officers.
  • then our officers Gave the three Chiefs Some presents & 〈a〉 3 flags & each Chief a meddel.    their is 3 villages of this nation & three chiefs one at each village.   
  • the chiefs wife Brought us a bowl full of Beans & corn.    we Eat Some of it.
  • October 10, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
May 5, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • We had a fine morning, and proceeded on early, accompanied by our old chief and a number of the natives. About 10 o'clock we passed the forks, and kept along the north side of Koos-koos-ke (Clearwater (Flathead, Kooskooskee) River) ; at noon we halted at three lodges of Indians, where we got three dogs and some roots.— We also got one of our horses, which we had left here last fall in the care of the old chief who is now with us; and says that the Snake (Shoshone Indians) guide, who deserted us last fall, stole and took two of our horses with him.
  • May 5, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • MT USA 111-sc-82394 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1890–1891 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
William Kloefkorn
  • A professor emeritus of English at Nebraska Wesleyan University, he has published many collections of poetry — including Sergeant Patrick Gass, Chief Carpenter, a collection of verse written in the voice of Patrick Gass — as well as a memoir, This Death by Drowning.
  • N.D.
  • Multimedia
August 27, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) Gave the head chief a flag also the 2 chief one    they hoisted them on the levil near their lodges.   
  • We hoisted our large flag, and Captain Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) gave the head Chief a flag, & one other flag each to 2 of their Chiefs, & they had them all hoisted 〈their flags〉 in a level near to their lodges.— Captain Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) rewarded the Indian Women for bringing our baggage & the Indian Men for the hire of their Horses, packed with our baggage across the mountains, he then began to trade with the Natives for horses, which they had brought to trade with us.   
  • August 27, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
October 26, 1805 - Clark, William
  • S       P M 6    34    0   67°    36'    15"     "     36    4   67      35     15     "     39    2   67      34     30 [letters illegible; "Cloudy" in Codex H] In the evening 2 Chief and 15 men came over in a Single Canoe, those Chfs proved to be the 2 great Chiefs of the tribes above, one gave me a 〈buf〉 dressed Elk Skin, and gave us Som deer meet, and 2 Cakes of white bread made of white roots, we gave to each Chief a Meadel of the Small Size a red Silk handkerchief & a knife to the 1st a arm ban & a pin of Paint & a Comb to his Son a Piece of riben tied to a tin gorget and 2 hams of Venison    They deturmined to Stay with us all night, we had a fire made for them & one man played on the violin which pleased them much    my Servent dances—    our hunters killed five Deer, 4 verry large gray Squirrels, a goose & Pheasent, one man giged a Salmon trout which we had fried in a little Bears oil which a Chief gave us yesterday and I think the finest fish I ever tasted, Saw great numbers of white Crains flying in Different directions verry high.
  • October 26, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 25, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Friday 25th of April 1806 This morning we Collected our horses very conveniently and Set out at 9 A M and proceeded on to a village of Pish-quit-pahs (Pisquow Indians) of 52 mat Lodges 11 miles    this village Contains about 700 Soles    here we turned out our horses and bought 5 dogs & some wood and dined    here we met with a Chief and gave him a Medal of the Small Size.    we passed a house a little above the place we encamped on the 20th of Octr. 1805.   
  • we proceeded on about 9 miles through a Country Similar to that of yesterday and encamped below the mouth of a Small Creek    we passed at 4 miles a Village of 5 Mat Lodges of the War-war-wa (Walula Indians) Tribe. We made a Chief and gave a metal to a Chief of each of those two tribes.    great numbers of the nativs accompanied us to our encampmt.
  • the Horned Lizzard is also Common.—    a Chief over took us.    we had the fiddle played by the request of the nativs and Some of the men danced.
  • April 25, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • Montana USA 111-sc-82392 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1890–91 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • Great Falls of Missouri 111-sc-82601 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1867 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
The Way to the Western Sea Lewis and Clark across the Continent
  • Expansively then the captains invited the chiefs and some of their leading warriors aboard the keelboat. It was a mistake.
  • Both Lewis and he asked the Bois Brulé chiefs to turn the prisoners over to Dorion, downstream among the Yanktons.
  • To the captains' disappointment the chiefs did not linger with them. Buffalo Medicine dropped off on September 29.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • David Lavender
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • MT USA 111-sc-82396 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1890–1891 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
November 17, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark 17th November Satturday 1804 a fine morning, last night was Cold, the ice thicker than yesterday, Several Indians visit us, one Chief Stayed all day    we are much engaged about our huts.
  • November 17, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • South Dakota USA 111-sc-82381 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity Photographer: G.
  • N.D.
  • Images
October 23, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Great numbers of Indians visit us both from above and below—.    one of the old Chiefs who had accompanied us from the head of the river, informed us that he herd the Indians Say that the nation below intended to kill us, we examined all the arms &c. complete the amunition to 100 rounds. The nativs leave us earlyer this evening than usial, which gives a Shadow of Confirmation to the information of our Old Chief, as we are at all times & places on our guard, are under no greater apprehention than is common.
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) went up to the Lodges to See those Canoes and exchanged our Smallest Canoe for one of them by giveing a Hatchet & few trinkets to the owner who informed that he purchased it of a white man below for a horse, these Canoes are neeter made than any I have ever Seen and Calculated to ride the waves, and carry emence burthens, they are dug thin and are supported by cross pieces of about 1 inch diamuter tied with Strong bark thro' holes in the Sides.    our two old Chiefs appeared verry uneasy this evening. This passage about fleas has a red vertical line through it, perhaps drawn by Biddle (Biddle, Nicholas) .
  • October 23, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 29, 1805 - Clark, William
  • W. near the Kil a mox (Tillamook Indians) N. and that the greater part of the Clat Sops (Clatsop Indians) were gorn for the oile & blubber, the wind proves too high for us to proceed by water to See this monster, Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) has been in readiness Since we first heard of the whale to go and see it and collect Some of its Oil, the wind has proved too high as yet for him to proceed—    this evining a young Chief 4 Men and 2 womin of the War ci a cum (Wahkiakum Indians) Nation arrived, and offered for Sale Dressed Elk Skins and Wap pa to, the Chief made us a preasent of about ½ a bushel of those roots.    and we purchased about 1½ bushels of those roots for which we gave Some fiew red beeds Small peaces of brass wire & old Check    those roots proved a greatfull addition to our Spoiled Elk, which has become verry disagreeable both to the taste & Smell    we gave this Chief a Medal of a Small Size and a piece of red riben to tie around the top of his hat which was of a Singular Construction [NB: in Peales (Peale, Charles Willson) Museum]    Those people will not Sell all their Wap pa to to us they inform us that they are on their way to trade with the Clât Sops (Clatsop Indians) .   
  • December 29, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 31, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • At 12, Captain Clarke (Clark, William) and some of the men went down to the village, and the chief gave 9 or 10 bushels of corn, and some buffaloe robes.
  • October 31, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
December 4, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • we continued Setting up the pickets & bringing them &.C.    the chief of the 2nd vil. the Black cat (Black Cat (Posecopsahe)) came to dine with our officers accompanied by Several other Indians &.C.
  • December 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
January 15, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • about 2 oClock Several of the Grovantares (Hidatsa Indians) chiefs came to See us.    the weather is thoughy [thawing] So that the Snow melts off the huts &.C.
  • January 15, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
March 10, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) Gave a chief a Meddel, and Some Small Presents. The day clear and cold high winds.—
  • March 10, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 19, 1804 - Clark, William
  • E    I prepd. a present from the Chiefs & Warriers, the main Chief Brack fast with us naked; & beged for a Sun glass.—    at 10 oClock we assembled the Cheifs & Warriers under an Orning and delivered a Speech, explanitary of the One Sent to this Nation from the Council Bluff, (Council Bluff (Nebr.))
  • The drawing of the horse at this point in the Field Notes (fig. 17) may be only a doodle, but it suggests that the chief Big Horse (Big Horse) may have been carrying his shield or some other object bearing his personal symbol which Clark (Clark, William) copied here.
  • noted a Nebraska (Nebraska) bluff, south of the mouth of the Platte (Platte River (Nebr.)) , called L'oeil aufer (Iron Eye), "from an Indian chief who was scaffolded here some years ago." Maximilian, in 1833, heard the Oto (Oto Indians) name as "Ischta Maso."
  • August 19, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 14, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. 15 yards wide    this Creek we Call after the 3rd Chief Piaheto (Baldhead (Piaheto, Eagles Feather) Creek) (or Eagles feather (Toone) )    at 1 oClock we halted on a Sand bar & after Dinner executed the Sentence of the Court Martial So far a[s] giveing the Corporal punishment, & proceeded on a fiew miles, the wind a head from N.
  • Side I observe an antient fortification the walls of which appear to be 8 or 10 feet high, [NB: most of it washed in]    the evening wet and disagreeable, the river Something wider more timber on the banks The punishment of this day allarmd. the Indian Chief verry much, he Cried aloud (or effected to Cry)    I explained the Cause of the punishment and the necessity [NB: of it,] 〈which〉 He [NB: also] thought examples were also necessary, & he himself had made them by Death, his nation never whiped even their Children, from their burth. 14th Courses & Distance & reffurencs.
  • October 14, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 29, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) made a chief    gave him a meddle.    he gave a fine horse in return as a present.    another chief who Capt. Clark (Clark, William) made yesterday brought up another fine horse and made him a present of.   
  • April 29, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
May 10, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • wrode about 20 miles    descended a Steep hill down in a valley and bottom in which a creek runs through, and Camped near a village of the head chiefs of abt. 15 lodges.    they had their flag hoisted and appeared glad to See us.   
  • Some of the women pitched a leather lodge and brought wood & made a fire in it and chiefs invited our officers to Stay in it, and talked together    our officers told them our business &C.   
  • May 10, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
May 5, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark Satturday 5th    a Cloudy day    rains at different times    a Sauckee (Sauk Indians) Chief with 8 or 10 arrive & Stay all night    2 Perogus of Kickapoos (Kickapoo Indians) return from St Louis (Saint Louis, Mo.) .
  • May 5, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 9, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • blustering cold wind this morning. Some Showers of rain. Some chiefs & other Indians came to See us; but it being So cold & windy that they did not assemble to counsel.   
  • October 9, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
December 15, 1804 - Clark, William
  • wind North—    on my return to the fort found Several Chiefs there
  • December 15, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William

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