Journals of the
Lewis & Clark Expedition

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April 23, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • here we met with a Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) man on his return up the river with his family and about 13 head of horses most of them young and unbroken.  
  • these people speak a language very similar to the Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) whome they also resemble in their dress    their women wear long legings mockersons shirts and robes.   
  • Lewis's (Lewis, Meriwether) "Wah-how-pum (Tenino Indians) " may come from the tribe's self-designation, hǎhau'pǔm, "willow people."
  • April 23, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
August 26, 1806 - Clark, William
  • I observed a buffalow Skin Canoe lying on the S Shore and a Short distance lower a raft which induces me to Suspect that the Tetons (Sioux Indians, Teton) are not on the Missouri at the big bend (Missouri River, Big Bend of the) as we were informed by the Ricaras (Arikara Indians) , but up the Teton river (Bad (Teton) River (S.
  • as we were now in the Country where we were informed the Sceoux (Sioux Indians) were assembled we were much on our guard deturmined to put up with no insults from those bands of Seioux (Sioux Indians) , all the arms &. in perfect order.
  • Dak.)) , where they had an unpleasant encounter with the Teton Sioux (Sioux Indians, Teton) , on September 24, 1804. It enters the Missouri (Missouri River) in Stanley County (Stanley County, S.
  • August 26, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 3, 1806 - Clark, William
  • He is described as a large man, much respected by the Indians. Technically, he declared himself an American citizen for trading purposes in 1805.
  • Louis (Saint Louis, Mo.) and again at the Omaha (Omaha Indians) village in 1810. During the War of 1812 he served as a British agent, encouraging the Indians of the upper Mississippi (Mississippi River) to fight against the Americans.
  • The two men were executed, but Governor Wilkinson (Wilkinson, James) pardoned a third Kickapoo (Kickapoo Indians) , Hononquise (Hononquise) , who was implicated in the crime.
  • September 3, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
The Men of the Lewis & Clark Expedition The Men of the Lewis & Clark Expedition
  • The lavish attentions and honor which Indians paid to York because of his black skin prompt the journalists to take note of it, too, although for most of the expedition his presence–and its social ramifications–goes unremarked.
  • We have complete records of the material and supplies carried, details of the boats and medicines taken, and full reports on the Indians and strange animals and plants discovered. But a complete roster of all the men who set out with the expedition was never made.
  • But before the year 1803 was finished, it became evident that such a small party as ten or twelve men could never overcome the Indians who zealously contested the passage to the upper Missouri River.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • Charles G. Clarke
April 9, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Hidatsa Indians
  • Lewis Tuesday April 9th Set out as early as it was possible to see this morning and proceed about five miles where we halted and took beakfas—    the Indian man who had promised us to accompany us as far as the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians, now informed us of his intention to relinquish the journey, and accordingly returned to his village.   
  • He may be confusing the method Indians used to gather the hog peanut, Amphicarpa bracteata (L.) Fern.
  • April 9, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
September 2, 1803 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • .—    thus leaving fine bottom land between itself and the hills in large boddys, and freequently in the form of a simecicles or the larger segment of a circle or horseshoe form    The weather is extreemly dry but there was some appearance of rain this morning which seems now to have blown over—    supposed I had gotten over Logtown riffle (Logtown Riffle) but find ourselvs stranded again    suppose it best to send out two or three men to engage some oxen or horses to assist us    obtain one horse and an ox, which enabled us very readily to get over    payd the man his charge which was one dollar; the inhabitants who live near these riffles live much by the distresed situation of traveller    are generally lazy    charge extravegantly when they are called on for assistance and have no filantrophy or contience; passed the mouth of two little creeks to the north, called allfores (Allfour's Run) & [blank]    a riffle a head; the boat rubbed for some distance but by geting out and pulling her on by the thwarts we got her over;—    on each side of the river there are three banks, or suddon rises from the summets of which the land generally brake off for a certain distance pretty level untill arrives at the high hills before mentioned which appear to give a direction to the river—    the fist bank or that which the river washes is generally from twenty to twentyfive feet, and the bottom lying on a level with this is 〈usually〉 only overflown in remarkable high floods, the consequence is that there is no drowneded or marsh lands on this river; this bottom which is certainly the richest land from it's being liable some times to be overflowed is not esteemed so valuable as the second bottom—    The second bottum usually rises from twentyfive to thirty feet above the first and is allways safe or secure from inundation; usually good when wide from the 3d bank and contrary when the bottom is narrow or the river brakes against the 2d near the 3rd bank which it sometimes dose    what is called the third bottom is more properly the high benches of the large range of hills before noticed and is of a more varied discription as well as it respects the fertility of it's soil as shape and perpendicular hight, the river sometimes but very seldom brakes against this bank—    the second and third of these banks allways run parrallel with the high hills and that bordering on the river is of course shaped by it. passed Waller's riffle (Waller's Ripple) with but little dificulty—    Thermometer stood at seventy six in the cabbin    the temperature of the water in the river when emersed about the same—    observed today the leaves of the buckeye, Gum, and sausafras begin to fade, or become red— Logtown Riffle (Logtown Riffle) was named for Logstown (Logstown (Pa.)) , a village of Shawnee (Shawnee Indians) , Delaware (Delaware Indians) , Iroquois (Iroquois Indians) , and other Indians established before 1748. It was an important trading and conference site before the French and Indian War. It was near the site of present Ambridge (Ambridge, Pa.) , Beaver County (Beaver County, Pa.) , Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania) .
  • September 2, 1803
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
June 8, 1804 - Clark, William
  • met 3 men on a Caussee from R Dis Soux (Big Sioux River (Rivière des Sioux)) , above The Mahar (Omaha Indians) [Omaha (Omaha Indians) ] Nation loaded with fur.
  • The name is thought to derive from the report in 1714 by Sieur de Bourgmont (Bourgmont, Etienne Véniard de) that the Indians mined leads on its banks. See fig. 14. Missouri Guide, 359; MRC map 9.
  • The Little Osage (Little Osage Indians) village on the Missouri River (Missouri River) is identified as the Plattner site, which is about three miles northeast of the town of Malta Bend (Malta Bend, Mo.) , in Saline County (Saline County, Mo.) .
  • June 8, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Weather, September 1804 - Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
  • .—   20th the antelope is now ruting, the swallow has disappeared 12 days   21st Antilopes ruting, as are the Elk, the Buffaloe is nearly ceased—    the latter commence the latter end of July or first of August.   22nd a little foggy this morning, a great number of green leged plove passing down the river, also some geese & brant—   23rd aire remarkably dry-plumbs & grapes fully ripe—    in 36 hours two Spoonfuls of water aveporated in a sauser   24th three tetons (Sioux Indians, Teton) swam the river and came to our encamp- ment this evening informed us that 30 longed [lodges] of their nation were near[by?]   [25] This day the Tetons (Sioux Indians, Teton) and ourselves had nearly come to an open a ruptr [rupture]   27th Saw a large flock of white Gulls with wings tiped with black   28th this day about 12 oCk. had a severe struggle to get away from the tetons (Sioux Indians, Teton)   29th 〈the Tetons (Sioux Indians, Teton) 〉 the 2nd Chief came on Lard.
  • Clark (Clark, William) says, "Passed 60 Lodges of Tetons (Sioux Indians, Teton) ." Clark's (Clark, William) September remarks in Codex C, from September 22 on, have been crossed out.
  • September 30, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
October 16, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • The information he obtained from the Indians respecting this river before he left the Unjigah (Peace River) was, 'that it was a large river and ran towards the mid-day sun; but did not empty itself into the sea.'
  • McKenzie (McKenzie, Charles) struck this river, to its mouth (supposing it to be the Columbia (Columbia River) , Oregan or Great river of the West) is upwards of 1000 miles, and its whole course from its source 1500. By the lake mentioned by the Indian chief is no doubt meant the bay at the mouth of the Columbia (Columbia River) , and wide part of the river where the tide water ascends and renders the whole unfit to drink."
  • Within the next few years the explorations of David Thompson (Thompson, David) and Simon Fraser (Fraser, Simon) would greatly clarify the geography of the upper Columbia River (Columbia River) . They were Yakima (Yakima Indians) and Wanapam (Wanapam Indians) Indians; see Gass's (Gass, Patrick) entry of October 18.
  • October 16, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
October 26, 1805 - Clark, William
  • h    m      s A M 8    54    22   P M 2      9    44   8    56    41     "     12      5   8    59      1       Altitude produced from this observation 44° 14' 15" a number of Indians came to the opposit Side and Shew great anxiety to Come over. they delayed untill late Took time and distance of Sun and moon Sun West P M h m  s         2 21 12             49° 51' 15" " 25 45   49 51   " 29   4   49 52   " 31 43   49 52 30 " 33   9   49 52 45 " 36   2   49 53 30 " 37 49   49 54 30 " 39   5   49 55   " 40 23   49 55 30 " 41 36   49 56   Took time and distance of Moons Western limb & Fulenhalt, Star East—   Time   distance     h    m.  
  • dried all our wet articles and repaired our Canoes The flees my Self and the men got on them in passing thro the plains the Indians had lately lived in Lodges on the Lard. Side at the falls, are very troublesom and with every exertion the men Can't get rid of them, perticilarly as they have no clothes to change those which they wore— Those Indians are at Ware with the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians on the river which falls in a few miles above this and have lately had a battle with them, their loss I cannot lern.
  • October 26, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 27, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Goodrich (Goodrich, Silas) has recovered from the Louis veneri which he contracted from an amorous contact with a Chinnook (Chinook Indians) damsel. I cured him as I did Gibson (Gibson, George) last winter by the uce of murcury. I cannot learn that the Indians have any simples which are sovereign specifics in the cure of this disease; and indeed I doubt very much wheter any of them have any means of effecting a perfect cure.   
  • The Chippeways (Chippewa Indians) use a decoction of the root of the Lobelia, and that of a species of sumac common to the Atlantic states and to this country near and on the Western side of the Rocky Mountains (Rocky Mountains) .   
  • January 27, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
March 11, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) arrived with a small canoe loaded with fish which he had obtained from the Cathlahmah's (Cathlamet Indians) for a very small part of the articles he had taken with him.    the wind had prevented his going to the fisery on the opposite side of the river above the Wackiacums (Wahkiakum Indians) , and also as we had suspected, prevented his return as early as he would otherwise have been back.— The dogs at the Cathlahmahs (Cathlamet Indians) had bitten the trong assunder which confined his canoe and she had gone a drift.    he borrowed a canoe from the Indians in which he has returned.    he found his canoe on the way and secured her, untill we return the Indians their canoe, when she can be brought back.
  • March 11, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
April 15, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • we also halted at the two villages of the Chilluckkittequaws (Wishram-Wasco Indians) a few miles above with no better success.    at three in the evening we arrived at the entrance of Quinnette creek (Mill (Que-nett) Creek (Oreg.))
  • these people are much better clad than any of the nations below; their men have generally leging mockersons and large robes, many of them wear shirts of the same form those of the Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) and Shoshonees (Shoshone Indians) highly ornamented with the quills of the porcupine as are also their mockersons and legings.   
  • However, "dag" was the name for a type of dagger or stabbing knife known to have been used by frontiersmen and Indians. Moreover, a specimen is extant from the Northwest Coast with a hole or eye in the handle for inserting a loop which would hold the knife around the wrist.
  • April 15, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
July 23, 1804 - Clark, William
  • at 11 oClock Sent off George Drewyer (Drouillard, George) & Peter Crousett (Cruzatte, Pierre) with Some tobacco to invite the Otteaus (Oto Indians) if at their town and Panies (Pawnee Indians) if they Saw them to Come and talk with us at our Camp &c. &c.    (at this Season the Indians on this river are in the Praries Hunting the Buffalow but from Some Signs of hunters near this place & the Plains being on fire near their towns induce a belief that they this nation have returned to get Some Green Corn or rosting Ears)    raised a flag Staff Sund & Dryed our provisions &c.   
  • July 23, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 4, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • we passed the Mouth of the Big Rapid River (Niobrara (Quicurre, Rapid) River) & ponkias (Ponca Indians) village on S. S.    the water Shoots in to the Missiouri (Missouri River) verry Swift, & has thrown the Sand out, which makes a Sand bar & Sholes from the mouth a considerable distance    we Saw 2 Deer, & large flocks of geese up the mo of this river; we proceeded on    passt a handsom Bottom covered with different kinds of Timber Such as red Ceder, honey locas, oak arrowwood Elm, Coffee nut &.C.    we Saw an Indian raft where they had crossed not long before; Drewyer (Drouillard, George) killed one Turkey & one duck; we Camped on the South Side in a Ceeder Bottom back of which are Steep Clifts covered with ceeder.
  • Niobrara River (Niobrara (Quicurre, Rapid) River) , Knox County (Knox County, Nebr.) , with a Ponca (Ponca Indians) village nearby; see Clark's (Clark, William) entry for September 5.
  • September 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
September 22, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • We proceeded on, passed a creek, and islands of the three sisters (Three Sisters) ; and an old Indian camp, where we found some of their dog-poles, which answer for setting poles. The reason they are called dog-poles, is because the Indians fasten their dogs to them, and make them draw them from one camp to another loaded with skins and other articles.
  • Mackenzie (Mackenzie, Alexander) speaking of the Knisteneaux, a numerous nation of Indians spread over a vast extent of country extending south westerly from the coast of Labrador, north of the St.
  • September 22, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
September 23, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. below the mouth of a Creek on the L. S.    three Souex (Sioux Indians) boys Came to us Swam the river and informd that the Band of Soauex (Sioux Indians) called the Teton (Sioux Indians, Teton) 〈gues〉 of 80 Lodges were Camped at the next Creek above, & 60 Lodges more a Short distance above, we gave those boys two Carrots of Tobacco to Carry to their Chiefs, with derections to tell them that we would Speek to them tomorrow Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) walked on Shore this evening, R.
  • September 23, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 14, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Piaheto (Baldhead (Piaheto, Eagles Feather) Creek) 15 yds Wide,    halted on a Sand bar and had the punishmt inflicted on Newmon (Newman, John) , which caused the indian Chieif to cry untill the thing was explained to him    Camped opposit an antient fortification which is on the L.
  • In Codex C and on Atlas map 26 Clark (Clark, William) has used both the Indian name of the Arikara (Arikara Indians) chief for whom he named the creek and the English version, "Eagles Feather (Eagles Feather (Piaheto)) ."
  • October 14, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 21, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark 21st February Thursday 1805 a Delightfull Day    put out our Clothes to Sun—    Visited by the big white (Big White (Sheheke)) & Big man (Big Man (Oh-he-nar))    they informed me that Several men of their nation was gorn to Consult their Medison Stone about 3 day march to the South West to know What was to be the result of the insuing year—    They have great confidence in this Stone and Say that it informs them of every thing which is to happen, & visit it every Spring & Sometimes in the Summer—"They haveing arrived at the Stone give it Smoke and proceed to the wood at Some distance to Sleep    the next morning return to the Stone, and find marks white & raised on the Stone representing the piece or war which they are to meet with, and other changes, which they are to meet"    ["]This Stone has a leavel Surface of about 20 feet in Surcumfrance, thick [NB: thick] and pores," and no doubt has Some mineral qualtites effected by the Sun. The Big Bellies (Hidatsa Indians) have a Stone to which they ascribe nearly the Same Virtues Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) returned with 2 Slays loaded with meat, after finding that 〈they〉 he could not overtake the Souis (Sioux Indians) war party, (who had in their way distroyd all the meat at one Deposit which I had made & Burnt the Lodges) deturmined to proceed on to the lower Deposit, which he found had not been observed by Soux (Sioux Indians)    he hunted two day    Killed 36 Deer & 14 Elk, Several of them So meager, that they were unfit for use, the meet which he killed and that in the lower Deposit amounting to about 3000 wt was brought up on two Slays, one Drawn by 16 men had about 2400 wt on it This stone is on Medicine Hill (Medicine Hill) , in Medicine Rock State Historic Site (Medicine Rock State Historic Site (N.
  • February 21, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 14, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Bear Den (Charbonneau's, Indian) Creek
  • Charbonoe river (Bear Den (Charbonneau's, Indian) Creek) as he has been to the head of it which is further up the Missourie (Missouri River) Than any white man has been.
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) killed an Elk this evening.—    an Indian dog came to us this morning & continues along with us.— Preceding this entry Biddle (Biddle, Nicholas) wrote in red ink the words "From this not consulted. mem.," meaning perhaps that he ceased to use Ordway's (Ordway, John) journal beyond this point for his narrative history of the expedition.
  • April 14, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
September 25, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • the man who Stayed at the village for his horse arived here this evening.    had got his horse by hireing Indians to git him. Wednesday Septemr. 25th    A fine morning, Three of our Men went out a hunting.    Captain Clark (Clark, William) went down the River with an Indian chief to look out for timber fitting to make Canoes of, The Natives had several small Canoes in this fork of the River, & one of them lay at the place where we were encamp'd.   
  • The Man who staid behind to hunt the horse, that was lost, arrived here this Evening; 〈they〉 he had the horse with him, which was found by some of the Indians that 〈they〉 he had hired at the Village to hunt him
  • September 25, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
April 17, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark April 17th 1806 I rose early and took a position near to the village and exposed the artiles I had for Sale Great numbers of Indians Came from different derections, Some from below Some above and others across the Countrey from the Tapteet river (Yakima (Tapteete) River) See description of the Nations &c.—    I obtained a Sketch of the Columbia (Columbia River) as also Clarks river (Deschutes (Clark's, Towanahiook's) River) .   
  • I then packed up and was about Setting out for the Falls when one Indian Sold me 2 horses and one other one horse, and Some others Said they w[ished] to trade which caused me to conclude to delay here one other night.
  • I Sent Crusat (Cruzatte, Pierre) , Wiser (Weiser, Peter) , Willard (Willard, Alexander) and McNeal (McNeal, Hugh) back to Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) informing him of my ill Suck'sess, and adviseing him to proceed on to this place as Soon as possible, and my intention of proceededing on to the falls to purchase horses if possible Several Indians arived late this evening. Capt. Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) Sent me a note by Shannon (Shannon, George) informing me that he would Set early on tomorrow morning early &c.
  • April 17, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 22, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. of it    on the South Side of about the middle a number of Indian Camps, all the Cotton wood Cut down to feed their horses.
  • Louiselle (Loisel, Régis) of St Louis (Saint Louis, Mo.) , for the purpose of Tradeing with the Teton (Sioux Indians, Teton) Bands of Soues (Sioux Indians) (or "Sieux (Sioux Indians) ")    about this Fort I saw numbers of Indians Temporary Lodges, & horse Stables, all of them round and to a point at top, I observed also numbers of Cotton Trees fallen for the purpose of feeding their horses on the Bark of the limbs of those trees which is Said to be excellent food for the horses—    we came too on the S.
  • about 1800, or perhaps two years later, to trade with the Sioux (Sioux Indians) . Sergeants Ordway (Ordway, John) and Gass (Gass, Patrick) made a record of its dimensions and layout.
  • September 22, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 28, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Our present camp is precisely on the spot that the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians were encamped at the time the Minnetares (Hidatsa Indians) of the Knife R.
  • The post proved impossible to maintain because of Blackfeet (Blackfeet Indians) hostility. John Potts (Potts, John) was killed nearby in 1808 while trapping with John Colter (Colter, John) , and George Drouillard (Drouillard, George) also died in the vicinity at the hands of the Blackfeet (Blackfeet Indians) in 1810, while working for the Missouri Fur Company. In the same area John Colter (Colter, John) had a series of narrow escapes from the Blackfeet (Blackfeet Indians) , including his famous naked run from the Jefferson (Jefferson River (North, Southwest Fork)) to the Madison (Madison River (Middle Fork)) on the occasion of Potts's (Potts, John) death.
  • July 28, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
February 1, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • this is the smallest size about 15 feet long and calculated for one or two persons, and are most common among the Cathlahmahs (Cathlamet Indians) and Wâck ki a cums (Wahkiakum Indians) among the marshey Islands (Marsh (Seal) Island) .
  • This is the most common form of the canoe in uce among the Indians from; the Chil-luck-kit-te-quaw (Wishram-Wasco Indians) inclusive to the Ocean and is usually about 30 or 35 feet long, and will carry from ten to twelve persons.    4 men are competent to carry them a considerable distance say a mile without resting.
  • It appears to be the so-called "Chinook" canoe, actually made by the Nootkas (Nootka Indians) of Vancouver Island (Vancouver Island) , British Columbia (British Columbia) , and traded south to the Chinooks (Chinook Indians) ; it was considered an excellent, sea-worthy craft.
  • February 1, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
February 1, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Wishram-Wasco Indians
  • This is the most common form of the Canoes in use among the indians from the Chil-luck-kit-te quaw (Wishram-Wasco Indians) inclusive to the ocian and is commonly from about 30 to 35 feet long, and will carry from 10 to 12 persons.    4 men are competent to carry them a considerable distance Say a mile without resting.
  • from thence down it is common to all the nations but more particularly the Kil a mox (Tillamook Indians) and others of the Coast.    these are the largest Canoes, I measured one at the Kilamox (Tillamook Indians) villag S S W of us which was [blank] feet long [blank] feet wide and [blank] feet deep, and they are most Commonly about that Size.
  • February 1, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 24, 1803 - Clark, William
  • i.e., from] the folks, finish Covering our huts this evening—    two French Perogues pass up the river to day, and peregoue with black guard Americans, passed down the river, The Indian Come in with a Deer this evening    a French man who passed up to day told me that a man of abt. 30 years of age well acquainted with the Missoures (Missouri Indians) for 8 years, wishes to go with me, but was afraid that the Comdt.
  • December 24, 1803
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 11, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Fields (Field, Joseph) went out to hunt, proceeded on    passed a Creek which comes in behind a willow Island on the North Side called by the Indians Little Tar-ci-o Creek (Little Tarkio Creek) , we proceeded on 6 miles    camped on the North Side of a willow Island opposite a Creek which came in on the South Side of the Missouris (Missouri Indians) Called the Grate Nahhau (Big Nemaha River) .   
  • July 11, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
July 25, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark White Catfish Camp (White Catfish Camp (Iowa)) 25th of July Wednesday    a fair morning Several hunters out today    at 2 oClock Drewyer (Drouillard, George) & Peter (Cruzatte, Pierre) [Cruzatte (Cruzatte, Pierre) ] returned from the Otteaus (Oto Indians) Village; and informs that no Indians were at their towns, They Saw Some fresh Signs of a Small party but Could not find them.   
  • July 25, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 10, 1804 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • Wednesday October 10th    This morning some of our Men, with the Two frenchmen that stayed with us during last night, went off to the Indian Village, they found 〈there to be〉 that Village to contain 60 lodges in number, forming 16 Square 〈in〉 the whole forming a Circle of about 30 feet    〈they are〉    These lodges were about Six feet high—    The lodges are constructed by laying poles from One fork to the other, and the whole is laid on, in the like manner and they had cover'd the Tops of them over with Willows and Grass, and a thick Coat of mud over all, and had left 〈in〉 a hole in the Top which served for a chimney—and a place for a door, at the entry place.—    The〈ir〉 labour is chiefly performed by their Squaws, The Men returned, with three bands of the Rick a Rees (Arikara Indians) , being the whole Nation; and our Officers held a treaty with them on the bank of the River, and made them some presents, And gave them a talk, which they received & seemed highly pleased & They went back to their Villages in the Evening— This entry in the original version and those for October 11–15 have large "X"s crossed through them.
  • October 10, 1804
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
December 17, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Henny (Heney, Hugh) a verry intelligent man from whome we obtained Some Scetches of the Countrey between the Mississippi (Mississippi River) & Missouri (Missouri River) , and Some Sketches from him, which he had obtained from the Indins. to the West of this place    also the names and charecktors of the Sceoux (Sioux Indians) &c    about 8 oClock P M. the thermometer fell to 74° below the freesing pointe—    the Indian Chiefs Sent word that Buffalow was in our neighbourhood, and if we would join them, in the morning they would go and kill them— Country between the Missouri (Missouri River) and Red (Red River of the North) Rivers, ca.
  • December 17, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 8, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • the weather still warm and pleasent—    visited by the black-Cat (Black Cat (Posecopsahe)) the principal chief of the Roop-tar-he (Ruptáre (Rooptahee) village) , or upper mandane (Mandan Indians) vilage.    this man possesses more integrety, firmness, inteligence and perspicuety of mind than any indian I have met with in this quarter, and I think with a little management he may be made a usefull agent in furthering the views of our government.
  • February 8, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
April 11, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • proceeded on verry well    about Sunset we Saw a nomber of Indians on S. S.    they had Some horses.    we Supposed them to be Grossvantares (Hidatsa Indians) who had been up the River to Some other nation after corn.   
  • April 11, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
July 27, 1805 - Clark, William
  • my fever &c. continus, deturmind to prosue my intended rout to the middle fork (Madison River (Middle Fork)) , accordingly Set out in great pain across a Prarie 8 miles to the Middle    this fork is nearly as large as the North fork (Jefferson River (North, Southwest Fork)) & appears to be more rapid, we examined and found no fresh Sign of Indians, and after resting about an hour, proceeded down to the junction thro a wide bottom which appears to be overflown every year, & maney parts Stoney this river has Several Islands and number of beaver & orter, but little timber.    we could See no fresh Sign of Indians    just above the Point I found Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) encamped haveing arrived about 2 oClock.
  • July 27, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 18, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Clark (Clark, William) & 11 men Set out with the natives all except 2 men & 2 of the women Stayed at our Camp.    we put out our baggage & Indian goods to dry and air.    we had Showers of rain this afternoon.    one hunter out who killed one deer.    we got one of the Indians horses to pack it into Camp.—
  • August 18, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 25, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • we loaded up our horses and loaded the Indian horses and proceeded on through the level plain.    our hunters killed 3 Deer.   
  • we came about 15 miles this Day and Camped near the creek or run Sunday August 25th    A clear morning with a light frost, we loaded our horses, & those hired from the Indians; and proceeded on through a level plain, Our hunters that we sent a head of us, had killed 3 deer, which they brought to us, We passed a number of fine springs & Spring runs, we saw no timber except some pitch pine trees, which were on the hills, & tops of mountains, and a few Willow Trees which grew on Creeks & Runs.   
  • August 25, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
November 11, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • .— About 4 o'Clock P. M. 4 Indians came down the river in a Canoe, & halted at where we were encamp'd.   
  • Haley (Hill, Samuel or William Shaler) , & made signs to us that they traded with him.    These Indians staid but a short time with us, & then set out.    they crossed to the other side of the River with their Canoes, through high waves & breakers, which we all consider'd too dangerous to attempt.
  • November 11, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
December 13, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark December 13th Friday 1805 The Indians left us to day after brackfast, haveing Sold us 2 of the robes of a Small animal for which I intend makeing a Capot, and Sold Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) 2 Loucirvia Skins for the Same purpose. Drewyer (Drouillard, George) & Shannon (Shannon, George) returned from hunting havg. killed 18 Elk and butchered all except 2 which they Could not get as night provented ther finding them & they Spoild. 3 Indians in a Canoe Came and offered us for Sale Sinutor roots, fish & 2 Sea otter Skins for Sale none of which we Could purchase.   
  • December 13, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 25, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • We all moved into our new Garrison or Fort, which our Officers named after a nation of Indians who resided near us, called the Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) Nation; Fort Clatsop (Fort Clatsop (Oreg.)) .—    We found our huts comfortable, excepting smoaking a little.— We saluted our officers, by each of our party firing off his gun at day break in honor to the day (Christmass[)]    Our Officers in return, presented to each of the party that used Tobacco a part of what Tobacco they had remaining; and to those who did not make use of it, they gave a handerchief or some other article, in remembrance of Christmass.   
  • December 25, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
March 13, 1806 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • Whitehouse Thursday March 13th    A Clear cold morning, I was ordered to go up to the Cath-le-mah (Cathlamet Indians) Village, in Order to purchase fish &ca.    I took two Men & a canoe with me, & proceeded on but a short distance; when the wind blew so hard that I was forced to return with them to the fort.   
  • Some of our Men went out & brought into the Fort the meat of One Elk, Our Officers sent one of our party to the Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) Village, in order to purchase a Canoe from the Natives.   
  • March 13, 1806
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
April 22, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • In the course of this day two more horses were procured, and at this small village we got some more dogs and shapaleel. A Tenino Indian (Tenino Indians) village in Klickitat County (Klickitat County, Wash.) , Washington (Washington) , in the vicinity of John Day Dam (John Day Dam) , where they camped for the night.
  • April 22, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
September 20, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • village    fired three rounds and was answered by Some boatsman who lay at this place & by the people of the village    we Camped here    here is 4 batteaux bound for the Mahars (Omaha Indians) & other Indians    our officers got 2 gallons of Whiskey for which they had to pay eight dollars an extorinatable [extortionate] price    they got us some pork Beef and flour &C.   
  • September 20, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
April 2, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Whitehouse (Whitehouse, Joseph) & my man York (York) in a large Canoe, with an Indian whome I hired for a Sun glass to accompany me as a pilot.    at half past 11 A.
  • Apparently a branch of the Watlala Chinookans (Watlala Indians) (Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) and Clark's (Clark, William) Shahalas (Watlala Indians) ).
  • The name Clackamas (Clackamas (Clarkamos) Indians) is from gil\á-q̓imaš, "those of the Clackamas River (Clackamas (Clarkamos) River) ."
  • April 2, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 5, 1804 - Clark, William
  • (Kansas (Decaugh, Kaw) River) where they wintered, and Cought a great quantity of Beaver, the greater part of which they lost by fire from the Praries, those men inform that the Kansas (Kansa Indians) Nation are now out in the plains hunting Buffalow, they hunted last winter on this river    Passed a projecting rock on which was painted a figue and a Creek at 2 ms. above Called Little Manitou Creek (Moniteau (Little Manitou) Creek (Cole County, Mo.))
  • S. opsd. a large Island in the middle of the river; one Perogue did not get up for two hours, our Scout discovd. the fresh sign of about 10 Inds. I expect that those Indians are on their way to war against the Osages (Osage Indians) nation probably they are the Saukees (Sauk Indians) Course & Destance June 5th N. 51° W.   5 ms. to a pt. on S.
  • June 5, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 18, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • This morning while Capt Clark (Clark, William) was busily engaged in preparing for his rout, I exposed some articles to barter with the Indians for horses as I wished a few at this moment to releive the men who were going with Capt Clark (Clark, William) from the labour of carrying their baggage and also one to keep here in order to pack the meat to camp which the hunters might kill. I soon obtained three very good horses for which I gave an uniform coat, a pair of legings, a few handkerchiefs, three knives and some other small articles the whole of which did not cost more than about 20$ in the U' States.    the Indians seemed quite as well pleased with their bargin as I was.    the men also purchased one for an old checked shirt a pair of old legings and a knife.   
  • Clark (Clark, William) departed with his detatchment and all the Indians except 2 men and 2 women who remained with us. Two of the inferior chiefs were a little displeased at not having received a present equivolent to that given the first Chief.   
  • August 18, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
March 16, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Drewyer (Drouillard, George) and party did not return from the Cath lah mah's (Cathlamet Indians) this evening as we expected. we Suppose he was detained by the hard winds today.    the Indians remain with us all day, but would not dispose of their Canoe at a price which it was in our power to give consistently with the State of our Stock of Merchandize.
  • one of them was brought us to day by an indian who had just taken it with his gig. This is a likeness of it; it was 2 feet 8 inches long, and weighed ten pounds.   
  • March 16, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 20, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Wednesday 20th of August 1806 a violent hard rain about day light this morning.    all wet except myself and the indians.    we embarked a little after Sun rise    wind moderate and ahead.   
  • passed the enterance of Cannonball river (Cannonball (Bullet) River)    imediately above is the remains of a large Sieoux (Sioux Indians) encampment which appears to have been made this Spring.    at 3 P M passed the enterance of Wardepon River (Beaver (War-re-con-nee, Wardepon) Creek (Emmons County, N. Dak.)) [NB: Scioux (Sioux Indians) boundary to which they claim the country]    Saw great number of wolves on the bank Some Buffalow & Elk, tho' not so abundant as near the River Rochejhone (Yellowstone River) . passed the place where we left the last encampment of Ricaras (Arikara Indians) in the fall 1804 and encamped on a Sandbar from the N.
  • August 20, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 14, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. 1 ½ ms. above Dimond Island (Diamond Island) is Lattitude 39° 9' 38" 6 3 ms. below the 2d old Village of the Kancez (Kansa Indians) L. S. Latd. 39° 25' 42" 5 on L.
  • S. above the Hill on which the Mahar (Omaha Indians) King was burid No. 30 42 1 3 8 Three Ms. N.E of the Mahars (Omaha Indians) Village Camp Fish (Fish Camp) aug 14th 42 13 41   Mo. of Grand River (Grand River (Mo.)) — 38 47 54   Mo. of Charliton Rivers (Chariton (Charliton, Shariton) River)         Observed Time and Distance of the Sun & Moon the Moon East the 13th of August Monday 1804.   
  • August 14, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 19, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Crow Creek Indian Reservation
  • Dak.) , South Dakota (South Dakota) , within the Crow Creek Indian Reservation (Crow Creek Indian Reservation) (Sioux (Sioux Indians) ).
  • and within Lower Brule Reservation (Lower Brule Reservation) , the Clark (Clark, William) -Maximilian (Maximilian, Alexander Philip) map (Atlas map 22) shows the location of "U. S. Sioux (Sioux Indians) Agency"; this was located at the American Fur Company post of Fort Lookout.
  • September 19, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 26, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. 26th of Septr    Set out early and proceeded on—    the river lined with indians, came too & anchored by the particular request of the Chiefs to let their Womin & Boys See the Boat, and Suffer them to Show us some friendship—    great members [numbers?]
  • Durion (Dorion, Pierre, Sr.) now with the Yankton (Sioux Indians, Yankton) [two words illegible], we gave our Mahar (Omaha Indians) interpeter a few alls [awls?]
  • See Ronda (LCAI), 36–37, 62–64. Apios americana Medic., Indian potato, groundnut, or potato-bean, described more extensively by Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) in an undated entry.
  • September 26, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William

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