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Lewis & Clark Expedition

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September 19, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Osage River (Osage (Osarge) River) mouths on the Osage (Osage Indians) -Cole (Cole County, Mo.) county line, Missouri (Missouri) ; the camp of June 1–3, 1804, and of this date, would be just above the river in Cole County (Cole County, Mo.) , near Osage City (Osage City, Mo.) .
  • September 19, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
The Salish People and the Lewis and Clark Expedition Excerpt 3
  • They tell us that we were kind and generous to non-Indian visitors. And the elders tell us that the expedition was part of a long process of unprovoked invasion, the taking of our resources, the stripping of our rights of sovereignty and self-determination, the marginalization of our cultural ways.
  • N.D.
  • Multimedia
  • Salish Pend d'Oreille Culture Committee and Elders Cultural Advisory Council, Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
June 4, 1804 - Clark, William
  • There may be some connection with Jean Marie Ducharme of Cahokia (Cahokia, Ill.) , who traded with the Little Osages (Little Osage Indians) and Missouris (Missouri Indians) in 1772–73. On the other hand, charme was a French word for the hornbeam or yoke elm, Carpinus caroliniana Walt.
  • June 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 4, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • this note I left on a pole at the forks (Missouri River, Three Forks of the) of the river, and having refreshed ourselves and eat heartily of some venison which we killed this morning we continued our rout up the rapid fork on the Stard side, resolving to pursue this stream untill noon tomorrow and then pass over to the middle fork (Madison River (Middle Fork)) and come down it to their junction or untill I meet Capt Clark (Clark, William) . I have seen no recent Indian sign [NB: Qu] in the course of my rout as yet. Charbono (Charbonneau, Toussaint) complains much of his leg, and is the cause of considerable detention to us.   
  • the summer duck has ceased to appear, nor do I beleive it is an inhabitant of this part of the country. the timber &c is as heretofore tho' there is more in this valley on the rapid fork than we have seen in the same extent on the river since we entered this valley.    the Indians appear on some parts of the river to have distroyed a great proporiton of the little timber which there is by seting fire to the bottoms.
  • August 4, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
November 18, 1805 - Clark, William
  • W.   7 Mile to the enterance of a creek at a lodge or cabin of Chin- nooks (Chinook Indians) passing on a wide Sand bar the bay to my left and Sev- eral Small ponds Containing great numbers of water fowls to my right; with a narrow bottom of alder & Small balsam between the Ponds and the Mountn.   
  • : 25] miles, point adams (Point Adams) is verry low and is Situated within the direction between those two high points of land, the water appears verry Shole from off the mouth of the river for a great distance, and I cannot assertain the direction of the deepst Chanel, the Indians point nearest the opposit Side. the waves appear to brake with tremendious force in every direction quite across a large Sand bar lies within the mouth nearest to point Adams (Point Adams) which is nearly covered at high tide.
  • November 18, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 14, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • ," "Said Silas," and "7000 miles to Mandan (Mandan Indians) ." The remainder of the page is blank. The composition of the party at this time is discussed in Appendix A.
  • May 14, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
May 3, 1804 - Clark, William
  • During the War of 1812 he rendered valuable service to the United States by keeping the upper Missouri Indians at peace with the Americans. Oglesby; Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) to Clark (Clark, William) , May 6, 1804, Jackson (LLC), 1:179–80 and n. 2.
  • May 3, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 16, 1804 - Clark, William
  • and nearly opposite the Little Osage (Little Osage Indians) village on the opposite side of the Missouri (Missouri River) .
  • June 16, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 8, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. opsd. the head of Isd.   12 ¼   Diacritical marks often appear over Indian words in the notebook journals from this point on. They may be Biddle's.
  • July 8, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 3, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S    wind hard a head    Came too & Dined N. 22° W.   4 ½ miles to the head of Good hope Island (Pascal (Good Hope) Island)    2 Indians Came to the mouth of a Creek on the S. S.    Shields   11   In the Field Notes and in Codex C this last distance is 1½ miles, giving a total mile-age of 8.
  • October 3, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 18, 1805 - Clark, William
  • the Coal & Salt appearance Continued, the water in the Small runs much better than below,—    Saw Several old Indian Camps, the game, Such as Buffalow Elk, antelopes & Deer verry plenty Course distance &c. 18th of April South   3 miles to a point on the Std.
  • April 18, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 16, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Side to examine the portage.—    the Indian woman (Sacagawea) verry bad, & will take no medisin what ever, untill her husband finding her out of her Senses, easyly provailed on her to take medison, if She dies it will be the fault of her husband as I am now convinced—.   
  • June 16, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 27, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • the men Stearted with the truck waggons at the Same time. I passed Some Indian Camps above medicine River (Sun (Mah-pah-pah,-ah-zhah, Medicine) River) on the Shore Lard.
  • June 27, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 1, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Drewyer (Drouillard, George) and our Intrepter Sharbonoe (Charbonneau, Toussaint) Set out to go on by land 4 or 5 days expecting to find Some Indians.    we proceeded on    the current Swift.    we find currents of different kinds as usal, and wild or choak cherries which are now gitting ripe.   
  • August 1, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 10, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • the River Small & amazeing crooked, our Commanding officers thought proper that the Missourie (Missouri River) Should loose its name at the 2 3 forks we passed Some time ago, where we expected to have found the Snake nation of Indians. So they named the North fork JeffersonsRiver (Beaverhead (Jefferson) River) , the west or middle fork (Madison River (Middle Fork)) Maddisons River (Madison River (Middle Fork)) , the South fork (Gallatin (South, Southeast Fork) River) Gallitine River (Gallatin (South, Southeast Fork) River) , on which is a large Spring 2 miles from its Junction with the Missourie (Missouri River) .   
  • August 10, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 31, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • Our old guide after consulting with the rest of the Indians, thought it was better to go along the north side of the Columbia (Columbia River) , than on the south side.
  • August 31, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
September 20, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Friday 20th Septr 1805 Nearly S W 12 miles over a mountain to a low ridgey Countrey covered with large pine, passed into the forks of a large Creek which we kept down about 2 miles & left it to the left hand and crossed the heads of Som Dreans of the Creek & on a ruged Deviding ridge, road as bad as usial    no game of Sign to day West   3 miles to an Indian Camp in a leavel rich open Plain    I met 3 boys who I gave a pice of ribin to each & Sent them to the 〈Ca〉 Villages, I Soon after met a man whome I gave a handkerchief and he escorted me to the grand Chiefs Lodge, who was with the most of the nation gorn to war those people treated us well    gave us to eate roots dried roots made in bread, roots boiled, one Sammon, Berries of red haws some dried, my arrival raised great Confusion, all running to See us, after a Delay of an hour I detur- mined to go lower & turn out & hunt, a principal man in- formed me his Camp was on my way and there was fish    I concluded to go to his village, and Set out accompd. by about 100 men womin & boys 2 mile across the Plains, & halted    tuned. out 4 men to hunt, he gave us a Sammon to eate, I found that his Situation was not on the river as I expected & that this Sammon was dried, & but fiew— This course is N. 70° W. 2 miles across a rich leavel Plain in which grt quantities of roots have been geathered and in heaps.   
  • September 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 8, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Side West   2 ½ miles    passed an Island on which 3 Lodges of Indians were Encamped opsd. on the Lad Side    a Small Creek at the Lower pt.   
  • October 8, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 17, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • The small river, which we called Flathead (Flathead Indians) and afterwards Clarke's (Clark, William) river, is a branch of the Great Columbia (Columbia River) , and running a northwest course, falls into it a considerable distance above this place; we therefore never passed the mouth of that river.
  • October 17, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
January 28, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Stands we now call Netul (Lewis and Clark (Fort, Netul) River) , this being the name by which the Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) Call it. The Cranberry of this neighbourhood is precisely the Same Common to the united States, and is the production of boggy or mashey grounds.—.
  • January 28, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 5, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Gass (Gass, Patrick) and a party of men over; the tide being in the they took advantage of a little Creek which makes up in that direction nearly to the high lands, and in their way fortunately recovered our Indian Canoe So long lost and much lamented. The hunter provd. to be Reubin Field (Field, Reubin) , who reported that he had killed Six Elk on the East Side of the Netul (Lewis and Clark (Fort, Netul) River) a little above us; and that he had parted with Shannon (Shannon, George) and Labiesh (Labiche, François) yesterday after he had herd them fire Six or Seven Shot after he had Seperated from them, and Supposed that they had also killed Several old Elk.
  • February 5, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 12, 1806 - Clark, William
  • This morning we were visited by a Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) man who brought with him three dogs as a remuneration for the Elk which himself and Nation had Stolen from us Some little time Sence, however the dogs took the alarm and ran off; we suffered him to remain in the fort all night.
  • February 12, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 19, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • (Rocky Mountains) in the neighbourhood of the Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) , and about the great falls (Columbia River, Great Falls of the) of the Columbia river (Columbia River) and as low down the same as the commencement of tide water.   
  • February 19, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
March 23, 1806 - Clark, William
  • we were met by De lash el wilt (Delashelwilt) & 8 men of the Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) , and Delashelwilt (Delashelwilt) s wife the old boud and his Six Girls, they had, a Canoe, a Sea otter Skin, Dried fish and hats for Sale, we purchased a Sea otter Skin, and proceeded on, thro' Meriwethers Bay (Youngs (Meriwether's) Bay) , there was a Stiff breese from the S.
  • March 23, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 15, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • This time the group would remain here until April 18. No Indian site is shown on expedition maps, nor is such a village discussed by Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) or Clark (Clark, William) .
  • April 15, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
May 19, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) rode over the mountains last fall, which horse was Seen yesterday with a gangue of Indian horses, and is Very wild—.    about 11 oClock 4 men and 8 Women Came to our Camp with Thompson (Thompson, John B.)
  • May 19, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 19, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Thursday June 19th 1806 This morning early Collins (Collins, John) Labeesh (Labiche, François) & Crusat (Cruzatte, Pierre) turned out to hunt, and Gibson (Gibson, George) & Colter (Colter, John) fixed two Indian giggs and went in Serch of fish in the Creek. I took my gun and walked up the Creek about 4 Miles Saw some bear Sign and one fish only.
  • June 19, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 20, 1806 - Clark, William
  • dureing which time the party intended for to take them by land to the Mandans (Mandan Indians) will dress their Skins and make themselves Clothes to bare, as they are nearly naked.
  • July 20, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Western Historical Quarterly 33.1 (2002): 5–18
  • Something about the voyage—the people and the places—just would not let go. As my interest in Indians and missionaries grew cold, I reached for John Allen's book. Having read his treatment of Lewis and Clark as geographic explorers, I wondered if anyone had written about Lewis and Clark and Indians.
  • Louis, he said that the expedition's "road across the continent" would take the adventurers through "a multitude of Indians." Clark understood that Indians were important both as objects of scientific study and as sources of geographic information.
  • Commerce did mean the fur trade, and Jefferson expected that Indians would abandon Canadian connections and do business with St. Louis interests.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • James P. Ronda
August 1, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Clark (Clark, William) and myself I set out with three men in surch of the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians or Sosonees (Shoshone Indians) .    our rout lay over a high range of mountains on the North side of the river.
  • August 1, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
June 30, 1806 - Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
  • M. yesterday raised 1½ inches; from that [t]ime untill dark fell 4½, and in the course of the last night raised again 8 Inches as stated in the diary.    the Indians inform us that the present rise of the river is the greatest which it annually takes, and that when the water now subsides to about the hight it was when we arrived here the mountains will be passable. I have no doubt but that the melting of the mountain snows in the begining of June is what causes the annual inundation of the lower portion of the Mis- souri (Missouri River) from the 1st to the Middle of July.— 3d The weather has been much warmer for five days past than previ- ously, particularly the mornings and nights— 4th rained greater part of last night but fell in no great quantity—    yes- terday the water was at it's greatest hight at noon, between which and dark it fell 15 inches and in the course of the night raised 1½ inches as stated in the diary.    from the indian information the river will now subisde and may therefore be said to have been at it's greatest annual hight on the 3rd inst. at noon.— 5th last night was colder than usual but no frost.—    the river fell 3½ inches in the course of the day and raised 4 I. last night as [s]tated in the diary.   
  • The rest of this sentence is missing in Clark's (Clark, William) version; he resumes with "from the indian." The rest of this sentence is missing in Clark's (Clark, William) journal; he resumes with "this fluctuating state."
  • June 30, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
Lewis and Clark on the Great Plains A Natural History
  • Cutright listed a total of 22 new plant species collected by Lewis and Clark during their journey upstream between the mouth of the Kansas River and the vicinity of Three Forks, Montana. They include such plants as Indian tobacco (a species not native to the northern Great Plains), curly-top gumweed, and three species of sagebrush.
  • There are now also 155 national forests, covering almost 200 million acres, including the Lewis and Clark National Forest, located between the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers of Montana. Also, there are 300 Indian reservations, now still home to members of about 500 tribes; ten of these reservations occur along the Missouri River between Nebraska and Montana, some of them supporting direct descendants of the people first encountered by Lewis and Clark. I shall vanish and be no more, But the land over which I now roam Shall remain, and change not. Anonymous Omaha Indian
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • Paul A. Johnsgard
July 16, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark July 16th Tuesday 1805 a fair morning after a verry cold night, heavy dew, dispatched one man back for an ax left a fiew miles below, and Set out early    Killed a Buffalow on which we Brackfast    Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) & 3 men went on to the mountain to take a meridian altitude, passed about 40 Small Camps, which appeared to be abandoned about 10 or 12 days, Suppose they were Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians, a fiew miles above I Saw the poles Standing in thir position of a verry large lodge of 60 feet Diamater, & the appearance of a number of Leather Lodges about, this Sign was old & appeared to have been last fall    great number of buffalow    the river is not So wide as below from 100 to 150 yards wide & Deep Crouded with Islands & Crooked    Some Scattering timber on its edge Such as Cotton wood Cotton willow, willow and box elder, the Srubs are arrow wod, red wood, Choke Cherry, red berries, Goose beries, Sarvis burey, red & yellow Currents a Spcie of Shomake &c.
  • July 16, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 3, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • in the course of his walk he saw a track which he supposed to be that of an Indian from the circumstance of the large toes turning inward.    he pursued the track and found that the person had ascended a point of a hill from which his camp of the last evening was visible; this circumstance also confirmed the beleif of it's being an Indian who had thus discovered them and ran off. they found the river as usual much crouded with islands, the currant more rapid & much more shallow than usual.   
  • August 3, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
Weather, July 1805 - Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
  • above the falls (Missouri River, Great Falls of the)   18th I set out in Search of the Indians   19th Thunder Storm ½ after 3 P.
  • Clark (Clark, William) in Codex I has, "over taken by the party after being out [blank] Days in Search of the Indians." Clark (Clark, William) adds, "I join the party at the 3 forks (Missouri River, Three Forks of the) verry Sick."
  • Weather, July 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
February 14, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • is 220 miles being further by 500 miles than that from the entrance of Dearborn's river (Dearborn River) to the last mentioned point and a much worse rout if Indian information is to be relyed on; from the same information the Flathead river (Bitterroot (Clark's, Flathead) River) like that of the S.
  • E. branch of the Columbia (Gallatin (South, Southeast Fork) River) although it is not navigable.    added to this, the Indians further inform us, that the Flathead river (Bitterroot (Clark's, Flathead) River) runs in the direction of the Rocky Mountains (Rocky Mountains) for a great distance to the North before it discharges itself into the Columbia river (Columbia River) , which last from the same information from the entrance of the S.
  • February 14, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
February 13, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Lewis Thursday February 13th 1806. The Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) left us this morning at 11 A. M.    not any thing transpired during the day worthy of notice.    yesterday we completed the operation of drying the meat, and think we have a sufficient stock to last us this month.    the Indians inform us that we shall have great abundance of a small fish in March which from their discription must be the herring. these people have also informed us that one More who sometimes touches at this place and trades with the natives of this coast, had on board of his vessel three Cows, and that when he left them he continued his course along the N.
  • February 13, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
May 30, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Lapage (Lepage, Jean Baptiste) and Charbono (Charbonneau, Toussaint) set out to the indian vilages early this morning for the purpose of trading with them for roots; Sergt.
  • Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) and a party over with the indian canoe in order to raise and secure ours but the debth of the water and the strength of the current baffled every effort.
  • May 30, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
May 20, 1804 - Clark, William
  • After an adventurous career that included travel in Mexico (Mexico) in the service of Spain (Spain) and capture by Indians along the Ohio River (Ohio River) , he brought a party of French immigrants to settle at Gallipolis, Ohio (Gallipolis, Ohio) , in 1790.
  • May 20, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 9, 1804 - Clark, William
  • psd. an Isld   13   The name of the bluff, called Pierre à Flèche (Pierre à Flèche Bluff) as early as 1723, supposedly derives from an Indian tradition. The present town of Arrow Rock (Arrow Rock, Mo.) and Arrow Rock State Park (Arrow Rock State Park (Mo.)) , both in Saline County (Saline County, Mo.) , commemorate the name.
  • June 9, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 13, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark July 13th Friday 1804 Set out at Sun rise, and prosd. on under a gentle Breeze, at two miles passed the mouth of a Small river on the S. S. Called by the Indians Tar-ki-o, (Big Tarkio Creek) a Channel running out of the river three miles above (which is now filled up with Sand) runs into this Creek & and formed a Island Called St.
  • July 13, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 4, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Crusett (Cruzatte, Pierre) one of our hands Stayed two years & traded with the Mahars (Omaha Indians)    a Short distance above is a Creek (3) the out let of Three Ponds comunicateing with each other, those Ponds or rether Lakes are fed by Springs & Small runs from the hills
  • August 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 4, 1804 - Clark, William
  • (only Corser) forming bars in its mouth, I went up this river three miles to a butifull Plain on the upper Side where the Panias (Pawnee Indians) once had a Village    this river widens above its mouth and is devided by Sand and Islands, the Current verry rapid, not navagable for even Canoos without Great dificulty owing to its Sands; the colour like that of the Plat (Platte River (Nebr.))
  • September 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 24, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Clark (Clark, William) had the remaining canoe drawn out of the water; and divided the remainder of our baggage into three parcels, one of which he sent today by the party with two canoes. The Indian woman (Sacagawea) is now perfectly recovered. Capt. C. (Clark, William) came a few miles this morning to see the party under way and returned.   
  • June 24, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
August 19, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • At three o'clock we proceeded on, and at the foot of the dividing ridge, we met two Indians coming to meet us, and who appeared very glad to see us. The people of this nation instead of shaking hands as a token of friendship, put their arms round the neck of the person they salute.
  • August 19, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
November 29, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • left three of these deer and took with us one    encamped at an old Indian hunting lodge which afforded us a tolerable shelter from the rain, which continued by intervales throughout the night.— Here begins Lewis's (Lewis, Meriwether) fragmentary Codex Ia, running through December 1, 1805.
  • November 29, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
January 23, 1806 - Clark, William
  • this root is reather insippid in point of flavour, it grows in the Greatest abundance along the Sea coast in the wet Sandy grounds and is most used by the Kil á mox (Tillamook Indians) and those inhabiting the Sea coast.    each root Sends up its Stalk which is annual, the root being perennial.   
  • January 23, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 28, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • stands we now call Ne-tul (Lewis and Clark (Fort, Netul) River) , this being the name by which the Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) call it. The Cranbury of this neighbourhood is precisely the same common to the U' States, and is the production of marshey or boggy grounds.
  • January 28, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
January 26, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • we ordered Collins (Collins, John) to return early in the morning and rejoin the salt makers, and gave him some small articles of merchandize to purchase provisions from the Indians, in the event of their still being unfortunate in the chase. The Shallun [NB: See Febry. 8 1806 ] or deep purple berry is in form much like the huckkleberry and terminates bluntly with a kind of cap or cover at the end like that fruit; they are attatched seperately to the sides of the boughs of the shrub by a very short stem hanging underneath the same and are frequently placed very near each other on the same bough; it is a full bearer.   
  • January 26, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
February 12, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • This morning we were visited by a Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) man who brought with him three dogs as a remuneration for the Elk which him self and nation had stolen from us some little time since, how ever the dogs took the alarm and ran off; we suffered him to remain in the fort all night.
  • February 12, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether

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