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Lewis & Clark Expedition

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The Salish People and the Lewis and Clark Expedition Excerpt 11
  • Partly because, throughout that time, the Salish, the Pend d'Oreille, and the Kootenai Nations—and also a number of non-Indians in the region—continued to work for a relationship built on mutual respect and the honoring of solemn obligations.
  • N.D.
  • Multimedia
  • Salish Pend d'Oreille Culture Committee and Elders Cultural Advisory Council, Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes
August 12, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • W. in the expectation of finding some Indian road which lead over the Mountains, accordingly I sent Drewyer (Drouillard, George) to my right and Shields (Shields, John) to my left with orders to look out for a road or the fresh tracks of horses either of which we should first meet with I had determined to pursue.   
  • near this place we fell in with a large and plain Indian road which came into the cove from the N. E. and led along the foot of the mountains to the S.
  • after a short halt of a few minutes we continued our march along the Indian road which lead us over steep hills and deep hollows to a spring on the side of a mountain where we found a sufficient quantity of dry willow brush for fuel, here we encamped for the night having traveled about 20 Miles.   
  • August 12, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
April 29, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • they appear to be about 65 or 70 miles distant from hence. The Snake indian (Shoshone Indians) prisoner informed us that at some distance in the large plains to the South of those mountains there was a large river runing to the N.
  • there are 12 other lodges of the Wollahwollah (Walula Indians) nation on this river a little distance below our camp. these as well as those beyond the Columbia (Columbia River) appear to depend on this fishing wear for their subsistence.    these people as well as the Chymnahpos (Yakima Indians) are very well dressed, much more so particularly their women than they were as we decended the river last fall most of them have long shirts and leggings, good robes and mockersons.   
  • April 29, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
May 27, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Early this morning we sent Reubin Fields (Field, Reubin) in surch of the horse which the indians had given us to kill.    at 10 in the morning he returned with the horse and we killed and butchered him; he was large and in good order.
  • Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) and the party ordered to the indian Village set out early this morning.    in the evening he returned with Gibson (Gibson, George) and Sheilds (Shields, John) .   
  • we also sent Sergt. ordway (Ordway, John) and 2 men this morning over to Lewis's river (Snake (Ki-moo-e-nim, Lewis's, Southeast Branch of Columbia) River) for salmon, which the indians inform us may be procured in abundance at that place, and that it is but half a days ride, nearly south.—    Drewyer (Drouillard, George) , Cruzatte (Cruzatte, Pierre) , and Labuish (Labiche, François) returned at 4 P.
  • May 27, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
January 3-4, 1804 - Clark, William
  • in January 1680 on the Illinois River (Illinois River) near the village of the Peoria Indians (Peoria Indians) . It was near present East Peoria (East Peoria, Ill.) , Tazewell County (Tazewell County, Ill.) , Illinois (Illinois) Guide, 23, 273. Perhaps referring to six men left at the Arkansas (Arkansas Indians) (Quapaw) Indian villages a few miles up the Arkansas River (Arkansas River) from the Mississippi (Mississippi River) by La Salle's (La Salle, Sieur de) lieutenant Henri de Tonti (Tonti, Henri de) in 1686.
  • January 03-04, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 17, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Capt Clark (Clark, William) saw an Indian fortifyed camp this evening, which appeared to have been recently occupyed, from which we concluded it was probable that it had been formed by a war party of the Menetares (Hidatsa Indians) who left their vilage in March last with a view to attack the blackfoot Indians (Blackfeet Indians) in consequence of their having killed some of their principal warriors the previous autumn.   
  • May 17, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
June 5, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Colter (Colter, John) and Bratton (Bratton, William E.) were permitted to visit the indian villages today for the purpose of trading for roots and bread, they were fortunate and made a good return.    we gave the indian cheif another sweat today, continuing it as long as he could possibly bear it; in the evening he was very languid but appeared still to improve in the use of his limbs.   
  • Hitchcock et al., 1:645–46; Welsh (Welsh Indians) et al., 759. Based on stature, habit, and ecology, this is clearly basin wildrye.
  • June 5, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
July 8, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Side about 11 miles near which the Creek passes through the mountain    we then Steared S. 20° E. to the West branch of Jeffersons river (Beaverhead (Jefferson) River) in Snake Indian cove (Shoshone Cove) about 7 miles and halded two hours to let the horses graize.   
  • through the gap that leads into the captains' Shoshone (or "Snake indian") Cove (Shoshone Cove) to Horse Prairie Creek (the "West branch of Jeffersons river (Horse Prairie Creek (West Fork Jefferson River)) ").
  • A reference to the trail west through Shoshone (or Snake Indian) Cove (Shoshone Cove) over Lemhi Pass (Lemhi Pass) to the valley of the Lemhi River (Lemhi (East Fork Lewis's) River) ("East Fork of Lewis R (Lemhi (East Fork Lewis's) River) " on Atlas map 67).
  • July 8, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 4, 1804 - Clark, William
  • C (Cruzatte, Pierre) [Pierre Cruzatte (Cruzatte, Pierre) ] tradeing with the Mahar (Omaha Indians) ; & Ponies (Pawnee Indians) —    above 1 me. a (3) Creek Coms in opsd. a large bad (2) Sand bar    this (3) Creek is the outlett of 3 ponds, which recved ther water from the Smaller Streams running from the hills on the L.
  • Perhaps the post established by Mackay (Mackay, James) in the fall of 1795, somewhere in the vicinity of the Oto (Oto Indians) villages, before he went on upriver to establish Fort Charles (Fort Charles (Nebr.)) .
  • August 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
August 1, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • Gass (Gass, Patrick) Sharbonoe (Charbonneau, Toussaint) & Drewyer (Drouillard, George) Set out by land to go on up the River to make discoverys &c expecting to find Indians &c.    we proceeded on.    find currents as usal and choak cherrys along the River.   
  • M—    where we stopped & took breakfast under some handsome Cedar trees, lying on the South side of the River.—    Captain Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) , Serjeant Gass (Gass, Patrick) & George Drewyer (Drouillard, George) , and Sharbono (Charbonneau, Toussaint) (〈who〉 the latter of which men had joined us at the Mandan (Mandan Indians) Village,) set out shortly after, to go by land, up Jefferson River (Jefferson River (North, Southwest Fork)) , in Order to make discoveries, & to try & find out some Indians.   
  • August 1, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
May 14, 1806 - Clark, William
  • imediately after we had Crossed the river the Chief Called the broken Arm (Broken Arm) or Tin nach-e-moo tolt (Broken Arm) another principal Chief Hoh-hâst'-ill-pitp (Hohots Ilppilp) arived on the opposite Side and began to Sing. we Sent the Canoe over and those Cheifs, the Son of the broken arm and the Sone of a Great Chief who was killed last year by the Big bellies (Atsina Indians) of Sas kas she win river (Saskatchewan River) .    those two young men were the two whome gave Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) and my self each a horse with great serimony in behalf of the nation a fiew days ago, and the latter a most elligant mare & colt the morning after we arived at the Village.
  • those horses are troublesom and Cut each other very much and as we Can't exchange them we think it best to Castrate them and began the opperation this evening    one of the indians present offered his Services on this occasion.    he Cut them without tying the String of the Stone as is usial.   
  • Collins (Collins, John) returned in the evening with the two bears which he had killed in the morning    one of them an old hee was in fine order, the other a female with Cubs was Meagure.    we gave the Indians about us 15 in number two Sholders and a ham of the bear to eate which they cooked in the following manner.   
  • May 14, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 4, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • After dinner we renewed our voyage, and passed a creek on the north side, which we called Independence (Independence Creek) , encamped on the north side at an old Indian village situated in a handsome prairie, and saluted the departing day with another gun.
  • July 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
July 18, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • we camped on the South Side of the Missouris (Missouri River) .    towards night we Saw an Indian dog on the Bank of the River, which appeared to have been lost.
  • July 18, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
July 31, 1804 - Clark, William
  • (Field, Reubin) & Jo: Fields (Field, Joseph) returned without any meet haveing been in persuit of the horses—    The Indians not yet arrived. Cought a young Beever alive which is already quit tame—.   
  • July 31, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 3, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark 3rd of October Wednesday 1804    The N W. wind blew verry hard all night with Some rain, we Set out early, at 12 examoned our Stores & goods, Several bags Cut by the mice and Corn Scattered, Some of our Cloth also cut by them also papers &c. &c.    at 1 oclock an Indian Came to the Bank S. S, with a turkey on his back    4 other soon joined him    Some rain, Saw Brant & white guls flying Southerly Course & Distance N. 50° E. 2 ½ m. to a wood L.
  • October 3, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 11, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark 11th December Tuesday 1804 a verry Cold morning    Wind from the north    The Thermomettr at (4 oClock A M at 21°) Sunrise at 21°    See list. below 0 which is 53° below the freesing point and getting colder, the Sun Shows and reflects two imigies, the ice floating in the atmespear being So thick that the appearance is like a fog Despurceing— Sent out three horses for meat & with Derections for all the hunters to return to the fort as Soon as possible    at 1 oClock the horses returned loaded    at night all the hunters returned, Several a little frosted, The Black Cat (Black Cat (Posecopsahe)) Chief of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) paid us a Visit to day    continue Cold all day    river at a Stand Clark (Clark, William) seems to have bracketed this passage; we have used parentheses.
  • December 11, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 29, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • we finished laying the Intr. flower [floor]    a Great nomber of the natives men women & children visited us the whole day    as we Got the Blacksmiths Shop fixed    they Brought their Squaw axes & kittle to fix and mend for which they Gave us corn & beans Squasshes &C—    one man who went out hunting to day killd a woolf & kept it for the tradors who Give as much for a woolf Skin as a Beever Skin. N. B. an Indian Stole a drawing nife.    took it again. Otherwise known as a camp or felling ax, usually having a rounded poll and a short handle.
  • December 29, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
January 2, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • In the evening we in general returned and a great number of the natives, men, women and children, came to see us, and appeared highly pleased. This day I discovered how the Indians keep their horses during the winter. In the day time they are permitted to run out and gather what they can; and at night are brought into the lodges, with the natives themselves, and fed upon cotton wood branches: and in this way are kept in tolerable case.
  • January 2, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
July 28, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • Our squaw informed us, that it was at this place she had been taken prisoner by the Grossventers (Hidatsa Indians) 4 or 5 years ago. From this valley we can discover a large mountain with snow on it, towards the southwest; and expect to pass by the northwest end of it.
  • July 28, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
September 25, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Clark (Clark, William) returned and informed us that he had been 4 or 5 miles down to a fork of the River which came in on the east Side    he Saw Some pitch pine timber which he thought would answer for canoes near this forks on the opposite shore    in the evening the man who Stayed at the village joined us    had got his horse by hireing Indians to git him
  • September 25, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
November 25, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark Monday 25th November 1805 The Wind being high rendered it impossible for us to Cross the river from our Camp, we deturmind to proceed on up where it was narrow, we Set out early accompanied by 7 Clât Sops (Clatsop Indians) for a fiew miles, they left us and Crossed the river through emence high waves; we Dined in the Shallow Bay (Grays (Shallow) Bay) on Dried pounded fish, after which we proceeded on near the North Side of the Columbia (Columbia River) , and encamp a little after night near our Encampment of the 7th instant near a rock at Some distance in the river.   
  • November 25, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 13, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) bought Several kinds of curious Skins from the natives as a curiousity Such as wild cat and Some other Small Skins which the Indians Call Shugolell which they make Robes of.    in the evening our 2 hunters returned    had killed 17 Elk.
  • December 13, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
December 20, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark Friday 20th of December 1805 Some rain and hail last night and the rained Continued untill 10 oClock a,m, Men all employd in Carrying punchens or boads & Covering the houses, 4 of which were Covered to day, the after part of the day Cloudy with Several Showers of rain—    3 Indians arrive in a Canoe.    they brought with them mats, roots & Sackacome [NB: Sac à Commis] berries to Sell for which they asked Such high prices that we did not purchase any of them.   
  • December 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 10, 1804 - Clark, William
  • James Mackay (Mackay, James) was born in Scotland and came to America in about 1776; he engaged in the fur trade in Canada (Canada) and from there made a trip to the Mandan (Mandan Indians) villages on the Missouri (Missouri River) in 1787. He came to Louisiana (Louisiana) about 1794 and, having sworn allegiance to the Spanish government, became manager of the Spanish-controlled Missouri (Missouri) Fur Company's affairs on the upper Missouri (Missouri River) .
  • In fact, Evans got no farther than the Mandan (Mandan Indians) villages. Mackay (Mackay, James) himself explored the Niobrara (Niobrara (Quicurre, Rapid) River) , Loup (Loup (Wolf) River) , and Elkhorn river (Elkhorn River) s in northern and western Nebraska (Nebraska) and returned to St.
  • January 10, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 23, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark Wednesday May 23rd    8 Indians Kick: [Kickapoo (Kickapoo Indians) ] Came to Camp with meat    we recved their pesents of 3 Deer & gave them Whisky: Set out early    run on a log: under water and Detained one hour    proceeded on the Same Course of last night, (2 miles) passed the mouth of a creek on the Sbd.
  • May 23, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 8, 1804 - Clark, William
  • the 〈main〉 [NB: West] branch passes near the place where the Little osage (Little Osage Indians) Village formerly Stood on the Missouries (Missouri River) , & heads between the Osarge & Kansias Rivers, the left hand fork head with nearer Branches of the Osage River (Osage (Osarge) River) , The french inform that Lead Ore has been found in defferent parts of this river, I took Sjt.
  • N 80° W. 3 ms. to the Lower pt. of Isd. of Mills   12   This day we met 3 men on a Cajaux from the River of the Soux (Big Sioux River (Rivière des Sioux)) above the Mahar (Omaha Indians) nation    those men had been hunting 12 mo: & made about 900$ in pelts. & furs    they were out of Provesions and out of Powder.   
  • June 8, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 3, 1804 - Clark, William
  • S. in view of the upper point of the Island, (3) passed a large Sand bar at the S. point, w[e] halted to day about a mile above the Island and found a horse, which had been lost by the Indians, verry fat and jentle, Sent him on to join the others which was ahead on the L S    at this place, the french had a tradeing house, for to trade with the Kanzes (Kansa Indians) on a high bottom on the L.
  • July 3, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 5, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark (Clark, William) July the 5th 1804    Set out verry early this morning, Swam the horse across the river, proceeded on for two miles under the bank where the old Kansas (Kansa Indians) town formerly stood (Say in 1724)    The Cause of those people moveing from this place I cannot learn, but naterally conclude that War has reduced their nation & compelled them to retire further into the Plains with a view of defending themselves & opposeing their enemey (more effectually[)] on hors back (I neglected to mention yesterday that the Lake on the S.
  • S. opposit the old village of Kanzes (Kansa Indians) S. 56° E   2 Me. on the L. point a Large Eddey on the L.
  • July 5, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 6, 1804 - Clark, William
  • passed an old village of the Rickorreis (Arikara Indians) at the Comst. of this Course (2) N. 40° W.   2 〈½〉 miles the mouth of Beaver Otter Creek (Swan (Goodrich's, Otter) Creek) on the S.
  • Gilmore lists eight types of pumpkins and squashes among the Omahas (Omaha Indians) . Gilmore (UPI), 65–66. Perhaps the same as the "grouse" of October 7, below, that is, the sharp-tailed grouse.
  • October 6, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 24, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • the 2 Canoes & 6 men Stayed behind all night.    we Saw a nomber of old Indian Camps in the bottoms near the River. Friday May 24th    This morning we had Clear pleasant weather, We sett of early, and proceeded on our Voyage, we passed several Creeks, & small Islands lying in the middle of the River, and bottoms and hills with pitch pine growing on them on both sides.—    At 3 o'Clock P.
  • M. we encamped at a bottom, covered with Cotton wood timber, lying on the North side of the River.—    The leaves of these Trees were killed by the frost, The Men that went for the Meat, did not return to us this night, we saw a number of old Indian Camps lying in the River bottoms.—    on both sides of it Including the captains' North Mountain Creek (Rock (North Mountain) Creek (Phillips County, Mont.)) , now Rock Creek (Rock (North Mountain) Creek (Phillips County, Mont.)) , Phillips County (Phillips County, Mont.) , Montana (Montana) , and their Little Dog Creek (Sand (Little Dog) Creek (Fergus County, Mont.)) , after a prairie dog village on the other side of the river, now Sand Creek (Sand (Little Dog) Creek (Fergus County, Mont.)) , Fergus County (Fergus County, Mont.) .
  • May 24, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
July 25, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • in the afternoon we entered in to Some rough rockey hills which we expect from the Indian account is the commencement of the Second chain of the rockey mountains (Rocky Mountains) , but they do not appear So high as the first nor So Solid a rock.   
  • In the afternoon we 〈enter'd into〉 passed some rough rockey hills, which we expect from the account we have from the Indian Woman that is with us, to be the commencement of the Second chain of the Rockey Mountains (Rocky Mountains) ; but they do not appear, to be so high, as the first chain of Mountains which we have passed, nor so solid a rock at the entrance of them.—    We found several bad rockey Rapids, which we had to pass through, and 〈are〉 the Water was so shallow that the Rocks appeared above the Water almost across the River, We double manned our Canoes, and with difficulty got over them, by hard towing; We saw several excellent springs, which came out from under the Clifts of Rocks, near the River, We came 16 Miles this day, & encamped on the North side of the River.— The men were very much fataigued towing the Canoes this day, and some of them had their feet Cut in passing over the Rocks.—    Our hunters only killed one Goose, which was all that was killed this day.—
  • July 25, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
August 26, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • came about 8 miles & halted to dine    one of our Indian women was taken Sick rideing a long and halted a fiew minutes and had hir child with out detaining us.    we gave the Savages a little corn and proceeded on    passed over Several hills and a large Spring run    came in Site of the Indian lodges which were on the little River running west.    by the request of the chief which was with us we fired 2 rounds and went to their lodges.   
  • August 26, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
September 12, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark September 12th Thursday 1805 a white frost    Set out at 7 oClock & proceeded on up the Creek, passed a Fork on the right on which I saw near an old Indian encampment a Swet [NB: Sweat] house Covered wthh earth, at 2 miles assended a high hill & proceeded through a hilley and thickly timbered Countrey for 9 miles & on the Right [EC: hand side] of the Creek, passing Several branches from the right of fine clear water and Struck at a fork at which place the road forks, one passing up each fork.
  • I mad camp at 8    on this roade & particularly on this Creek the Indians have pealed a number of Pine for the under bark which they eate at certain Season of the year, I am told in the Spring they make use of his bark    our hunters Killed only one Pheasant this after noon.
  • September 12, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 22, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Clark (Clark, William) had dispatched to meet us with some dryed fish and roots that he had procured from a band of Indians, whose lodges were about eight miles in advance. I ordered the party to halt for the purpose of taking some refreshment.
  • The more easterly of the two Nez Perce (Nez Perce Indians) villages on Jim Ford Creek (Jim Ford (Village) Creek) , on Weippe Prairie (Weippe Prairie (Camas Flats, Quawmash Flats)) about three miles southeast of present Weippe (Weippe, Idaho) , Clearwater County (Clearwater County, Idaho) , Idaho (Idaho) .
  • September 22, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
February 20, 1806 - Clark, William
  • The forenoon we were visited by Tâh-cum (Tah-cum) a principal chief of the Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) and 25 men of his nation.    we had never Seen this Chief before    he is a good looking man of about 50 years of age reather larger in Statue than most of his nation; as he came on a friendly visit we gave himself and party something to eate and plyed them plenty fully with Smoke.   
  • we met with them under the rocky mountain (Rocky Mountains) s in the neighbourhood of the Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) Nation on the Koskooske (Clearwater (Flathead, Kooskooskee) River) river, but have not Seen them Since nor do we know whether they exist in the interiors of the great Plains of Columbia (Great Columbian Plain) , or on the lower border near the mountains which pass the river about the great falls (Columbia River, Great Falls of the) .
  • February 20, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 10, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • their chord broke & their canoe went back down the rapids and taken up by the Indians below, who returnd. it to us.    our officers gave them two knives for the kindness.   
  • Several Images cut in wood one put up at the ends of Said tombs &C    one of the Indians Stole an axe from us    another told one of our men and he followed him and took it from him and told him that he was bad and he replied that he was &C— Apparently Collins (Collins, John) and Gibson (Gibson, George) , according to Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) and Clark (Clark, William) and to Ordway (Ordway, John) in this entry.
  • April 10, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
The Way to the Western Sea Lewis and Clark across the Continent
  • Firing produced no smoke and only a pop—useful characteristics if one wished to be secretive or to awe the Indians with what seemed another example of "white man's powerful medicine."
  • He should be advised, for instance, to determine how the Indians' religious and ethical standards could be improved—that is, made more like those of white Protestants.
  • Since another aim of the expedition was to lay the groundwork for a profitable commerce with the Western Indians, Lewis should take pains to learn as much as he could about them—tribal names, vocabularies, populations, tribal boundaries, relations with other groups of Indians, occupations, diseases, life styles, and morals.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • David Lavender
March 23, 1804 - Clark, William
  • (Saucier, François) the Comdr. of Passage Desous (Portage des Sioux) [Portage des Sioux (Portage des Sioux) ], informing me that the Kickapoos (Kickapoo Indians) has gone home, good weath th [river?] continu to rise—10 Inchs to day & 8 last night François Saucier (Saucier, François) was born near Fort de Chartres (Fort de Chartres (Ill.)) , in French Illinois (Illinois) , and moved across the Mississippi (Mississippi River) after the British occupation in 1765.
  • March 23, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 31, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • One of them with two other persons were sent out to hunt for them, who returned at dark without finding them; and supposed they had been stolen by the Indians. Ordway (Ordway, John) and Whitehouse (Whitehouse, Joseph) agree with Gass (Gass, Patrick) , naming Drouillard (Drouillard, George) in both cases; Clark (Clark, William) says that Reubin (Field, Reubin) and Joseph Field (Field, Joseph) brought in the beaver kit, and Drouillard (Drouillard, George) killed the buck.
  • July 31, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
August 30, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • A foggy morning, and heavy dew. At nine o'clock the Indians came over the river. Four of them, who were musicians, went backwards and forwards, through and round our camp, singing and making a noise.
  • August 30, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
October 18, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • Having proceeded two miles we met a couple of Frenchmen in a canoe, who had been up at the Mandan (Mandan Indians) nation hunting, and met with a party of that nation, who robbed them of their arms, mmunition, and some fur which they had; and therefore they had to return down the river; but, meeting us, went back in hopes of recovering their property.
  • October 18, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
January 18, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • M. two of our Hunters came to the Fort, & informed us, that they had killed 4 deer 4 Wolves, and a Brarerow, In the afternoon two Men, belonging to the North West company of Traders came to the Fort also, they had come from the Gross Vaunter (Hidatsa Indians) s Village, they informed us, that The North West company, had Men employ'd trading at that Nation.—    They told us that the Animals which are called the Brarerows, were a Specie of the Badger, which they said were common in Europe.—
  • January 18, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
February 15, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • However, this account is the most detailed description of the foray, even more so than Ordway's (Ordway, John) . At an abandoned Indian village in Oliver County (Oliver County, N. Dak.) , North Dakota (North Dakota) .
  • February 15, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
October 8, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • At 9 o'clock in a fine morning we continued our voyage down the river: passed three islands and several rapids; and at noon stopped at some Indian lodges, of which there are a great many along the river. At 2 we proceeded on again.
  • October 8, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
November 5, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • The bottoms are large, covered with cotton wood, maple, and the like kinds of wood. We passed a great many Indian camps, their lodges made chiefly of poles and cedar bark. At noon we stopped about an hour at an island, and some of the men went out and killed nine brants and a swan.
  • November 5, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
November 27, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • rained all last night. Several Indians came from the village to trade their wapetoes roots with us.   
  • November 27, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
February 19, 1806 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • We proceeded on about half way, when the Storm was so high in the Priari, & on the Sea Coast, that we could not proceed without suffering by the Sand blowing in our faces—    and the Rain that fell froze & cut our faces likewise    We Crossed a Creek, which took us middle deep, which benumbed & Chilled the party very much.    We came to an Old deserted Indian hut, in which we made a fire.    we staid at this place all night in expectation of the weather being better by morning.— Led by Ordway (Ordway, John) ; see Whitehouse's (Whitehouse, Joseph) previous entry.
  • February 19, 1806
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
March 9, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • The men sent to fish are still absent, owing perhaps to the high swells in the bay. The Indians remained in the fort all night. Ordway (Ordway, John) says that the ten went out under his leadership to bring in the meat of elk already killed.
  • March 9, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
May 25, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • we undertook to Sweet the Sick Indian but he being quite helpless did not carry it into effect.    four of our hunters went out a hunting 2 of which went across the river to the South Side    the canoe being burnt enofe we went at finishing it &C.   
  • May 25, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
June 7, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • The captains note that Frazer (Frazer, Robert) had given the chief a pair of "Canadian shoes," but say nothing of his camaraderie with the Nez Perces (Nez Perce Indians) .
  • June 7, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick

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