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December 30, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • a great nomber of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) came to Trade with us.    they Brought us corn & Beans Squasshes, also a Some of their kind of Bread which they make of pearched corn and beans mixed to gether & made in round balls.   
  • December 30, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
February 26, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark 26th February Tuesday 1805 a fine Day    Commencd verry early in makeing preparations for drawing up the Boat on the bank, at Sunset by repeated exertions the whole day we accomplished this troublesom task, just as we were fixed for having the Boat the ice gave away near us for about 100 yds in length—    a number of Indians here to day to See the Boat rise on the Bank—
  • February 26, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
March 30, 1805 - Clark, William
  • [venereal]—which is common with the Indians and have been communicated to many of our party at this place—    those favores bieng easy acquired. all Tranquille
  • March 30, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 23, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark Septr. 23rd Sunday Traded with the Indians, made 3 Chiefs and gave them meadels & Tobacco & Handkerchif & knives, and a flag & left a Flag & hand kerches for the great Chief when he returns from war, in the evening proceeded to the 2d Vilg 2 miles, a hard wind and rain at dark, traded for Some root Bread & Skins to make Shirts.   
  • September 23, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 29, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • all hands employed at the canoes as usal.    the Indians caught and Sold us Several Sammon, &C— Drouillard (Drouillard, George) and either Collins (Collins, John) or Colter (Colter, John) , according to Clark (Clark, William) .
  • September 29, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
October 3, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark October 3rd 〈Wednesday〉 Thursday 1805 a fine morning cool wind East    all our men getting better in helth, and at work at the Canoes &. The Indians who visited us from below Set out on their return early. Several others Came from different directions—.
  • October 3, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 12, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • our Small pilot canoe and the Indian canoe went over [the rapids?] this evening
  • October 12, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
December 29, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • In the afternoon several of the Chin-ook (Chinook Indians) nation came to our fort with Wapto roots and dried salmon to trade.
  • December 29, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
March 17, 1806 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • Whitehouse Monday March 17th    A Cloudy day, and showery; The Men who went to the Cath-le-Mah (Cathlamet Indians) village, purchased from the Natives Some Roots a few small fish, the small fish not unlike a herring getting scarce among the Natives, Those Men returned in the Evening, & brought the Canoe that they had bought & the other Canoe with them.   
  • March 17, 1806
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
May 24, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • Several of the party went across the river to the village and Several Indians came across to our Camp. Several hunters went out to day a hunting.
  • May 24, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
November 16, 1805 - Clark, William
  • wind hard from the S W    The Waves high & look dismal indeed breaking with great fury on our beech    an Indian canoe pass down to day loaded with Wap-pa-toe roots; Several Indians came up to day from below, I gave them Smoke but allowed them no kind of privilage whatever in the camp, they with the 4 which came down yesterday encamped a Short distance from us.
  • [EC: Cathlamet (Cathlamet Indians) (town) here] N. 45° W. 1 Mile to the head of an Island close under the Stard.
  • Side passed a Village of War-ci-a-cum (Wahkiakum Indians) Nation 4 houses behind Sev- eral marshey Islands (Marsh (Seal) Island) , which is Scattered on the Stard.
  • November 16, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 4, 1804 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Wednesday July 4th On the Larboard Shore three miles below a high Prarie hill on same shore, near the 2nd old vilage of the Kancez (Kansa Indians) . Observed Meridian altd. of ☉'s L. L. with Octant by the back observtn.    38° —' —" Latitude deduced from this obsertn.    39° 25' 42.5" Lewis's (Lewis, Meriwether) observation from Codex O.
  • July 4, 1804
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
August 13, 1804 - Floyd, Charles
  • Floyd monday august 13th    Set out verry erley this morning    prosed on under a Jentel Brees from the South Est—    Sailed    〈day C〉 morning Clouday    about 10 ock, it Cleared up    we aRived at the Mahas (Omaha Indians) village about 2 oclock P. m    Sent Som of ouer men to Se if aney of the natives was at Home    thay Returnd    found none of them at Home
  • August 13, 1804
  • Journals
  • Floyd, Charles
November 25, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) the 2 Intrepreters & Six men Set off this morning in order to go 24 miles abo. this place to a nation of Indians called the [blank]    Capt. Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) & the Intr.
  • November 25, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
December 17, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • towards evening the chiefs Son came from 1st vill. of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) & Informed us that the Buffalow were comming in towards the River, & that their was a large Gang near the Fort So that our men Scared them back by cutting fire wood for the night.—
  • December 17, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
March 15, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark 15th of March Friday 1805 a fine day    I put out all the goods & Parch meal Clothing &c to Sun, a number of Indians here to day    They make maney remarks respecting our goods &c.   
  • March 15, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 1, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • To save them from hard labour, we have adopted the Indian method of burning out the canoes. It was necessary to make a large hollow in a log in order to form a dugout canoe.
  • October 1, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
November 6, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • Also passed some of their lodges. The Indians in this part of the country have but few horses, their intercourse and business being chiefly by water.
  • November 6, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
December 3, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • M. the men returned with the meat.    2 hunters Stayed out a hunting    a number of Indians came in a Canoe to our Camp.    in the evening the two hunters returned    had killed Six Elk about 5 miles distance from this place.— Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) and Gibson (Gibson, George) .
  • December 3, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
December 19, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • We had during this day a number of Indians in our camp.    they came in Canoes to see us.—
  • December 19, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
December 21, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark Saturday 21st December 1805 rained as useal all the last night, and contd. moderately all day to day without any intermition, men employd at the houses.    one of the indians was detected Stealing a horn Spoon, and leave [NB: turned from] the Camp.   
  • December 21, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
June 8, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • our party exercised themselves running and playing games called base    in the evening danced after the fiddle as the Indians were anxious to See them.
  • June 8, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
June 20, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Not haveing Seen the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians or knowing in fact whither to Calculate on their friendship or hostillity, we have Conceived our party Sufficiently Small, and therefore have Concluded not to dispatch a Canoe with a part of our men to St.
  • I well recollect hereing the Minitarees (Hidatsa Indians) Say that those Rocky Mountains (Rocky Mountains) make a great noise, but they could not tell me the Cause, neither Could they inform me of any remarkable substance or situation in these mountains which would autherise a conjecture of a probable cause of this noise—.   
  • The Ricaras (Arikara Indians) inform us of the black mountains (Black Hills) making a Simalar noise &c.
  • June 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 29, 1806 - Clark, William
  • they appear to be 65 or 70 miles distant from hence. The Snake indian (Shoshone Indians) prisoner informed us that at Some distance in the large plains to the South of those Mountains there was a large river running to the N.
  • there are 12 other Lodges of the Wallahwallah (Walula Indians) Nation on this river a Short distance below our Camp.    those as well as those beyond the Columbia (Columbia River) appear to depend on their fishing weres for their Subsistance.    those people as well as the Chym na poms (Yakima Indians) are very well disposed, much more So particular their women than they were when we decended the river last fall.
  • April 29, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 3, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Thursday July 3rd 1806 we colected our horses and after brackfast    I took My leave of Capt Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) and the indians and at 8 A M Set out with [blank] men    interpreter Shabono (Charbonneau, Toussaint) & his wife (Sacagawea) & child (Charbonneau, Jean Baptiste) (as an interpreter & interpretess for the Crow Inds (Crow Indians) and the latter for the Shoshoni (Shoshone Indians) ) with 50 horses.   
  • With Clark (Clark, William) were Sergeants Ordway (Ordway, John) and Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) , Bratton (Bratton, William E.) , Collins (Collins, John) , Colter (Colter, John) , Cruzatte (Cruzatte, Pierre) , Gibson (Gibson, George) , Hall (Hall, Hugh) , Howard (Howard, Thomas P.) , Labiche (Labiche, François) , Lepage (Lepage, Jean Baptiste) , Potts (Potts, John) , Shannon (Shannon, George) , Shields (Shields, John) , Weiser (Weiser, Peter) , Whitehouse (Whitehouse, Joseph) , Willard (Willard, Alexander) , Windsor (Windsor, Richard) , York (York) , Toussaint (Charbonneau, Toussaint) and Jean Baptiste Charbonneau (Charbonneau, Jean Baptiste) , and Sacagawea (Sacagawea) . The Crow (Crow Indians) language is quite similar to that of the Hidatsas (Hidatsa Indians) , with which Charbonneau (Charbonneau, Toussaint) and Sacagawea (Sacagawea) were familiar.
  • July 3, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
The Way to the Western Sea Lewis and Clark across the Continent
  • Out of their work came Indian rumors (so Rogers claimed) of a great Pacific-bound river called Ouregan.
  • Developing good will among the Indians while learning trade routes and navigable river systems was essential to the realization of that mercantile goal.
  • Ibid., 87, 79. Fidler's copy of the Indian map is on 22. See also Wheat I, 178. Jackson, Letters, 27–28. For King's map, Allen, 100, 116.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • David Lavender
May 29, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) walked up a Short distance and he Saw an old Indian encampment.    we Saw also great encampments on the Stard. Side at the mouth of a Small creek of about 100 lodges, which [a]ppeared to be about 5 or 6 weeks past.    our Indian woman examined their moccasons &.C and told us that they were the Indians which resided below the rockey Mountains (Rocky Mountains) , and to the North of the river    that hir nation made their moccasons differently.   
  • May 29, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
October 10, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Camp) on Stard Sd    at 3 miles a rapid    at 3½ miles to a Lard. bend, low plain 100 ft West   2 mile to a Stard bend, (passed an Indian bathing in hot bath) rapid    an Island on the L. S. Shole waters at the head opsd. to which verry bad rapid we Call raged rapid one Canoe Struck & lodged    Sprung a Leak    onload Passed Several Inds camps on the Island.
  • Side to make observt   58   a verry worm day, Indians continue all day on the banks to view us as low as the forks. Two Indians come up in a Canoe, who means to accompany us to the Great rapids (Columbia River, Cascades (Great Rapids, Great Shute)) , Could get no observations, worm night— The water of the South fork is of a bluish green colour Confluence of the Clearwater (Clearwater (Flathead, Kooskooskee) River) and Snake (Snake (Ki-moo-e-nim, Lewis's, Southeast Branch of Columbia) River) Rivers, Idaho (Idaho) -Washington (Washington) border, ca.
  • October 10, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 1, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • It shall be the duty of the centinel also to announce the arrival of all parties of Indians to the Sergeant of the Guard, who shall immediately report the same to the Commanding officers.
  • At sunset on each day, the Sergt. attended by the interpreter Charbono (Charbonneau, Toussaint) and two of his guard, will collect and put out of the fort, all Indians except such as may specially be permitted to remain by the Commanding offercers, nor shall they be again admitted untill the main gate be opened the ensuing morning. At Sunset, or immediately after the Indians have been dismissed, both gates shall be shut, and secured, and the main gate locked and continue so untill sunrise the next morning: the water-gate may be used freely by the Garrison for the purpose of passing and repassing at all times, tho' from sunset, untill sunrise, it shall be the duty of the centinel, to open the gate for, and shut it after all persons passing and repassing, suffering the same never to remain unfixed long than is absolutely necessary.
  • January 1, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
March 15, 1806 - Clark, William
  • We were visited this Afternoon in a Canoe 4 feet 2 I. wide by De-lash-hel-wilt (Delashelwilt) a Chinnook (Chinook Indians) Chief his wife and Six women of his Nation, which the Old Boud his wife had brought for Market.   
  • late this evening we were also visited by Ca-tel (Catel) a Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) man and his family.    he brought a Canoe and a Sea Otter Skin for Sale neither of which we could purchase of him.    the Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) which had brought a Canoe for Sale last evening us this morning.
  • March 15, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 25, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • we caused a sweat to be prepared for the indian Cheif in the same manner in which Bratton (Bratton, William E.) had been sweated, this we attempted but were unable to succeed, as he was unable to set up or be supported in the place.    we informed the indians that we knew of no releif for him except sweating him in their sweat houses and giving him a plenty of the tea of the horsemint which we shewed them.   
  • Gibson (Gibson, George) informed me that the bear had two cubbs one of which was white and other as black as jett.    four indians remained with us this evening.— Point of observation No. 56 May 25th 1806.
  • May 25, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
June 18, 1806 - Clark, William
  • We dispatched Drewyer (Drouillard, George) and Shannon (Shannon, George) to the Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) Indians in the plains beyond the Kooskooske (Clearwater (Flathead, Kooskooskee) River) in order to hasten the arrival of the Indians who promised to accompany us, or to precure a guide at all events and rejeoin us as Soon as possible.
  • June 18, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 28, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Clark Monday 28th May rained hard all the last night    Some wind from the S W, one Deer Killed to day, one Man fell in with Six Indians hunting, onloaded the perogue, & found Several articles Wet, Some Tobacco Spoiled.   
  • May 28, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 24, 1804 - Floyd, Charles
  • Floyd tuesday July 24th    we mad Larg. and Long fags Staff and Histed it up    Histed ouer Collars in the morning for the Reseptions of Indians who we expected Hear    when the Rain and wind Came So that we wase forst to take it down    Sent 〈on〉 Some of ouer men out to Hunt Some ore timber for us to make Some ores as the timber of that Coind is verry Carse up the River    Continued Showery all day
  • July 24, 1804
  • Journals
  • Floyd, Charles
August 17, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Labuche (Labiche, François) who was one of the Messengers arivd towards evening    Informed us that Drewyer (Drouillard, George) & the Zottaus (Oto Indians) Chiefs was comming near with the Deserter &.C—
  • August 17, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
November 2, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • Captain Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) , myself and some of the men, went up to the first village of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) , who gave us some corn. Captain Clarke (Clark, William) and the rest of our party, having dropt half a mile lower down the river, began to clear a place for a camp and fort.
  • November 2, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
January 15-16, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • .— About the same time 8 of the natives of the Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) nation came to our fort, and stayed till the evening. A hunter went out in the morning and killed a deer.
  • January 15-16, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
January 14, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • Gass (Gass, Patrick) means that the Indians of this region did not make moccasins, forcing the party to make their own.
  • January 14, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
February 22, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • The rain continued with high stormy wind; and we suffered the Indians to remain in the fort all night. Coboway (Coboway) was among them.
  • February 22, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
March 21, 1806 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • The Natives came to the Fort & brought some dried fish, which the Indians called All-Can, we purchased some of these fish from them.   
  • March 21, 1806
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
June 5, 1806 - Gass, Patrick
  • In the afternoon four hunters came in with the meat of five more deer, and a bear. An Indian came with them, who had been part of the way over the mountains; but found the road too bad and the snow too deep to cross; so we are obliged to remain where we are sometime longer.
  • June 5, 1806
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
June 9, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • the feathers of these eagles the Indians make head dresses war like & paint them & is a great thing among them.   
  • June 9, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
Weather March 1805 - Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
  • visited by the Birn (Le Borgne (One Eye)) the great Chief of the Big bellies (Hidatsa Indians)   12th snow but slight disappeared to day   [18] collected Some herbs pla[n]ts in order to send by the boat. paticularly the root said to cure the bites of the mad dog and rattlesnake.—   19th But little snow not enough to cover the ground   [20] one of the men informed that the Menetares (Hidatsa Indians) have plenty of artichokes.—   21st some ducks seen to light in the river opposit the fort   [23] but little rain.   24th but little Snow.   25th a gang of swan return to day    the ice in the river has given way in many places and it is with some difficulty it can be passed—   26th the ice gave way in the river about 3 P.
  • the ice ceases to run    supposed to have formed an obstruction above.—   30th ice came down in great quantities    the Mandans (Mandan Indians) take Some floating Buffaloe   31st ducks and Gees passing ice abates in quantity This weather table follows Lewis's (Lewis, Meriwether) Weather Diary, with some discrepancies in Clark's (Clark, William) table in Codex C being noted.
  • Clark's (Clark, William) undated version of this remark reads "The Indians raise a kind of artechokes which they Say is common in the praries. well tasted."
  • Weather March 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
February 6, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) returned with the flesh of about 2 Elk and 4 skins the Indians having purloined the ballance of seven Elk which Drewyer (Drouillard, George) killed the other day. I find that there are 2 vilages of Indians living on the N. side of the Columbia (Columbia River) near the Marshy Islands (Marsh (Seal) Island) who call themselves Wâck-ki-á-cum (Wahkiakum Indians) .    these I have hertofore Considered as Cath-lâh-mâh (Cathlamet Indians) s.    they speak the same language and are the same in every other rispect.
  • February 6, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
March 5, 1806 - Clark, William
  • This morning we were visited by two parties of Clatsops (Clatsop Indians)    they brought Some fish, a hat and Some Skins for Sale most of which we purchased, they returned to their Village in the evening with the returning tide. late in the evening the Hunters returned from the Kil-haw-â nack-kle River (Youngs (Kilhow-a-nah-kle) River) which discharges itself into the head of the Bay.
  • we made up a Small assortment of Articles to trade with the Indians, and directed Sergt Natl. Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) to Set out early in the morning in a canoe with two men, to assend the Columbia (Columbia River) to the resort of the Indians fishermen and purchase Some fish; we also derected two parties of hunters to renew the chase tomorrow early.   
  • but believe the Curloe is an inhabitent of this Countrey dureing Summer from Indian information and their attempts to mimick the notes of this fowl.
  • March 5, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 6, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Sunday April 6th 1806. Two Indians Came last night very late to our Camp and continued all night.   
  • we had the meat cut into thin pices and Scaffored with a fire under it to dry out, which we expect in the course of the night Can be effected.    four Indians from the great rapids (Columbia River, Cascades (Great Rapids, Great Shute)) visited us to day and Continued all day.   
  • Jos: Field (Field, Joseph) killed a vulture of that Speces already discribed.    in the evening late the Indians left us and returned to their village.    we derected that fires be kept under the meat all night.   
  • April 6, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 2, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • in the course of the day we had much conversation with the indians by signs, our only mode of communicating our ideas.    they informed us that they wished to go in surch of the Ootslashshoots (Flathead Indians) their friends and intended leaving us tomorrow morning, I prevailed on them to go with me as far as the East branch of Clark's River (Clark Fork (Clark's, East Fork Clark's, Flathead) River) and put me on the road to the Missouri (Missouri River) . I gave the Cheif a medal of the small size; he insisted on exchanging names with me according to their custom which was accordingly done and I was called Yo-me-kol-lick which interpreted is the white bearskin foalded.    in the evening the indians run their horses, and we had several foot races betwen the natives and our party with various success.   
  • Goodrich (Goodrich, Silas) and McNeal (McNeal, Hugh) are both very unwell with the pox which they contracted last winter with the Chinnook (Chinook Indians) women this forms my inducement principally for taking them to the falls of the Missouri (Missouri River, Great Falls of the) where during an intervail of rest they can use the murcury freely.
  • July 2, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
August 16, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) & 12 of the party went out to the Mahar (Omaha Indians) Creek a fishing    they returned in the afternoon with more than a barrell or in nombers 709.    167 of them pike, of a Tolrable Size, of excelent fish of different Sorts & Sizes.   
  • August 16, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
October 6, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • About 11 we passed a handsome bottom, where a band of the Rees (Arikara Indians) lived last winter. They had left a number of round huts covered with earth, some of their water craft made of buffaloe hides, and some garden truck, such as squashes.
  • October 6, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
October 23, 1804 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • about 8 oClock it began to snow, we proceeded on, and passed by some Indian Cabbins, which the frenchmen that was with us, informed that they were robbed of their Traps & peltry at, and also pas'd some Rich bottoms cover'd with Timber lying on both sides of the River, this evening, we encamped in a bottom, lying on the South side of the River, which was cover'd with heavy timber, where we found a great quantity of Berries called Rabbit Berries.—
  • October 23, 1804
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph