Journals of the
Lewis & Clark Expedition

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September 22, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • we proceeded on over a mountain and down in a handsome Smoth valley.    ariv at an Indian village in a delightful plain.    large pitch pine around it.   
  • We proceeded on, and crossed a Mountain; & descended down into a handsome smooth Valley; where we arrived at an Indian Village; situated on a most delightfull plain, where was large Pitch pine Trees growing all around it—    The Indians belonging to this Village, appeared very glad to see us; the Men, Women & Children ran out to meet us; & seemed rejoiced at our coming.   
  • The hunters staid at the River that were with Captain Clark (Clark, William) to hunt,—    & Captain Clark (Clark, William) mentioned that one of them had killed 2 Deer, which he found near to the River.—    The Natives gave us at our Camp, some Excellent Salmon, & plenty of those Roots which I have before described, & behaved very friendly to our party.—    These Indians 〈are〉 were a part of the Polot pello (Flathead Indians) or Flat head (Flathead Indians) Nation.— Weippe Prairie (Weippe Prairie (Camas Flats, Quawmash Flats)) , Clearwater County (Clearwater County, Idaho) , Idaho (Idaho) .
  • September 22, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
May 5, 1806 - Clark, William
  • We found our Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) Guide with his family.    the Indians brought my horse which was left at the place we made Canoes, from the opposit Side and delivered him to me while here.    this horse had by Some accident Seperated from our other horses above, and agreeably to indian information had been in this neighbourhood Some weeks.    while at dinner an indian fellow very impertinently threw a half Starved puppy nearly into the plate of Capt.
  • We met with a Snake indian (Shoshone Indians) man at this place through whome we Spoke at Some length to the nativs this evening with respect to the object which had enduced us to visit their Country.   
  • May 5, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 25, 1804 - Clark, William
  • Several hunters Sent out. at 2 oClock the Two men Sent to the Otteaz (Oto Indians) Village returned and informed that no Indians were at the Town    they Saw Some fresh Sign near that place which they persued, but Could not find them, they having taken precausions to Conceal the rout which they went out from the Village— the Indis. of the Missouries (Missouri River) being at war with one & the other or other Indians, move in large bodies and Sometimes the whole nation Continue to Camp together on their hunting pls.   
  • The village is evidently the Oto (Oto Indians) site noted on July 20.
  • July 25, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 7, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • S. called [blank]    halted took breakfast at a River named [blank] where their was an old Rickree (Arikara Indians) village built in the Same Manner as that we passd yesterday on S.
  • Sailed on    Saw 2 of the Souix (Sioux Indians) Indians on N. S. Spoke to them    they Sd. they wanted Something to eat & that their band was a going up to the Rickrees (Arikara Indians) , we Gave them Some Venison & proceeded on to an Island about 4 oC.
  • October 7, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
February 18, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark 18th of February Monday 1805 a cloudy morning    Some Snow, Several Indians here to day Mr. McKinsey (McKenzie, Charles) leave me, the after part of the day fine    I am much engaged makeing a discriptive List of the Rivers from Information    our Store of Meat is out to day Clark (Clark, William) refers to a list entered in Codex C of rivers and other geographical features above Fort Mandan (Fort Mandan (N.
  • Miscellany. The Mandans (Mandan Indians) and Hidatsas (Hidatsa Indians) would have been the only source for most of this.
  • Distance estimates would have been based on the time it took the Hidatsas (Hidatsa Indians) to travel to these points on horseback on their raids. Allen, 210–25, 241–50.
  • February 18, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 10, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • an Instance happned last evening a little Singular    one of our men returning from the Mandans (Mandan Indians) village 2 or 3 young Indians followed him    the Gate being Shut in Stead of calling to the Guard he went round back of the Fort and Scaled over.    one of the Indians followed him over. Capt. Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) ordered the Indian away after Giving him a Scolding at the Same time telling him that he was not So much to blame as the white man Setting the example, & Gave him a piece of tobacco & Started him & confined the man for Setting Such a pernicious example to the Savages.   
  • February 10, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 1, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) , myself and the two interpreters went on ahead to look for some of the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians. Our course lay across a large mountain on the north side, over which we had a very fatiguing trip of about 11 miles.
  • Drouillard (Drouillard, George) and Charbonneau (Charbonneau, Toussaint) , all seeking the Shoshone Indians (Shoshone Indians) , Sacagawea's (Sacagawea) people. The Bull Mountains (Bull Mountains) , Jefferson County (Jefferson County, Mont.) , Montana (Montana) .
  • August 1, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
August 20, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • the men at Camp employed dressing Skins &c.    the 2 Indians who Stay at Camp behave well their women mend & make our moccasons.    these Indians behave as well and are as friendly as any Savages we have yet Seen.   
  • they are the most friendly Indians that we have yet met with.    Our hunters returned in the afternoon, but had killed nothing.   
  • August 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
January 4, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Comowooll (Coboway) and the Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) who visited us yesterday left us in the evening. These people the Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) and others residing in this neighbourhood and speaking the same language have been very friendly to us; they appear to be a mild inoffensive people but will pilfer if they have an opportuny to do so where they conceive themselves not liable to detection.    they are great higlers in trade and if they conceive you anxious to purchase will be a whole day bargaining for a handfull of roots; this I should have thought proceeded from their want of knowledge of the comparitive value of articles of merchandize and the fear of being cheated, did I not find that they invariably refuse the price first offered them and afterwards very frequently accept a smaller quantity of the same article; in order to satisfy myself on this subject I once offered a Chinnook (Chinook Indians) my watch two knives and a considerable quantity of beads for a small inferior sea Otter's skin which I did not much want, he immediately conceived it of great value, and refused to barter except I would double the quantity of beads; the next day with a great deal of importunity on his part I received the skin in exchange for a few strans of the same beads he had refused the day before.
  • in this rispect they differ from all Indians I ever became acquainted with, for their dispositions invariably lead them to give whatever they are possessed off no matter how usefull or valuable, for a bauble which pleases their fancy, without consulting it's usefullness or value.   
  • January 4, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
January 4, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Saturday 4th January 1806 Comowool (Coboway) and the Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) who visited us yesterday left us in the morning. Those people the Chinnook (Chinook Indians) and others resideing in this neighbourhood and Speaking the Same language have been very friendly to us; they appear to be a mild inoffensive people but will pilfer if they have an oppertunity to do So when they Conceive themseles not liable to detection.    they are great higlers in trade and if they Conceive you anxious to purchase will be a whole day bargaining for a hand full of roots; this I Should have thought proceeded from their want of Knowledge of the Comparitive value of articles of merchindize and the fear of being Cheated, did I not find that they invariably refuse the price first offered them and afterwards very frequently accept a Smaller quantity of the Same article; in order to Satisfy myself on this point, I onc[e] offered a Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) man my watch a knife, a Dollar of the Coin of U State and hand full of beeds, for a Small Sea otter Skin, which I did not much want, he immediately Conceived it of great value, and refused to Sell unless I would give as maney more 〈blue〉 beads; the next day with a great deel of importunity on his part we receved the Skin in exchange for a fiew Strans of the Same beeds he had refused the day before.   
  • in this respect they differ from all Indians I ever became acquainted with, for their dispositions invariably lead them to give what ever they are possessed off no matter how usefull or valuable, for a bauble which pleases their fancy, without Consulting its usefulness or value. nothing occured to day, or more So, than our wappato being all exhausted.
  • January 4, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 4, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • we gave them a quantity of corn which the Mandans (Mandan Indians) gave us. Mr. Heard (Aird, James) gave us Some tobacco &C &C    we Set out Soon after Sunrise and procd. on verry well    towards evening we arived at the Mahars (Omaha Indians) village    found that this nation were out a hunting but had fields of corn growing at the back part of the bottom where they formerly had a large village but were cut off in a great measure by the Small pox Some years ago. So we Camped here and dryed our baggage which got wet last night, &C    the Musquetoes verry troublesome indeed.— The Omaha (Omaha Indians) village they had visited on August 13, 1804, just north of Homer (Homer, Nebr.) , Dakota County (Dakota County, Nebr.) , Nebraska (Nebraska) .
  • Ordway (Ordway, John) and Gass (Gass, Patrick) fail to mention that some of the party visited Floyd's (Floyd, Charles) grave this day and covered it again after it had been opened by some Indians.
  • September 4, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
August 27, 1804 - Clark, William
  • at 7 miles passed a white Clay marl or Chalk Bluff    under this Bluff is extensive I discovered large Stone much like lime incrusted with a Clear Substance which I believe to be Cabalt, also ore is imbeded in the Dark earth, resembling Slate much Softer—    above this Bluff we had the Prarie Set on fire to let the Souix (Sioux Indians) See that we were on the river, as a Signal for them to Come to it.
  • Dak.)) , or Yeankton (James (Jacque) River (S. Dak.))    one Indian at the mouth of this river Swam to the Perogue, we landed and two others came to us, those Inds. informed that a large Camp of Soues (Sioux Indians) , were on R.
  • Durioin (Dorion, Pierre, Sr.) the Souis (Sioux Indians) interpeter to the Camp with derections to invite the Principal Chiefs to councel with us at a Bluff above Called the Calumet (Calumet Bluff (Nebr.)) —    two of those Indians accompanied them and the third continued in the Boat Showing an inclination to Continue, this boy is a Mahar (Omaha Indians) , and inform that his nation, were gorn to the Parnias (Pawnee Indians) to make a peace with that nation.
  • August 27, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
September 22, 1805 - Clark, William
  • he lost 3 horses one of which belonged to our guide. Those Indians Stole out of R. F. Shot pouch his knife wipers Compas & Steel, which we Could not precure from them, we attempted to have Some talk with those people but Could not for the want of an Interpreter thro' which we Could Speake, we were Compelled to converse alltogether by Signs—    I got the Twisted hare (Twisted Hair (Walamotinin)) to draw the river from his Camp down which he did with great cherfullness on a white Elk Skin, from the 1s fork which is a few seven miles below, to the lage fork on which the So So ne (Shoshone Indians) or Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians fish, is South 2 Sleeps; to a large river which falls in on the N W. Side and into which The Clarks (Clark Fork (Clark's, East Fork Clark's, Flathead) River) river empties itself is 5 Sleeps    from the mouth of that river to the falls (Columbia River, Great Falls of the) is 5 Sleeps    at the falls (Columbia River, Great Falls of the) he places Establishments of white people &c. and informs that great numbers of Indians reside on all those foks as well as the main river; one other Indian gave me a like account of the Countrey, Some few drops of rain this evening. I precured maps of the Country & river with the Situation of Indians, To come from Several men of note Seperately which varied verey little.— Perhaps an oiled cloth or piece of soft leather used for cleaning his weapon.
  • September 22, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
October 27, 1805 - Clark, William
  • above, all flatten the heads of their female children near the falls, and maney above follow the Same Custom    The language of the Che-luc-it-te-quar (Wishram-Wasco Indians) a fiew miles below is different from both in a Small degree.
  • Investigators place the Wishram (Wishram-Wasco Indians) —the easternmost Chinookan tribe—in this area. They report that the Wishram (Wishram-Wasco Indians) occupied the north shore and the closely allied Wasco (Wishram-Wasco Indians) tribe occupied the south shore of the Columbia River (Columbia River) , and plot villages of these peoples essentially between Mosier (Mosier, Oreg.) , Wasco County (Wasco County, Oreg.) , Oregon (Oregon) , and Wishram (Wishram, Wash.) , Klickitat County (Klickitat County, Wash.) , Washington (Washington) .
  • The "Che-luc-it-te-quar (Wishram-Wasco Indians) " name may represent Upper Chinookan č-i-l-ktí-gw a-x, "he is pointing at him."
  • October 27, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
November 17, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Point Disapointment (Cape Disappointment) and Some distance on the main Ocian to the N W.    Several Indians followed him & Soon after a canoe with wapto roots, & 〈Lickorish〉 [ML: Liquorice] boiled, which they gave as presents, in return for which we gave more than the worth to Satisfy them    a bad practice to receive a present of Indians, as they are never Satisfied in return.   
  • The Chief of the nation (Comcomly) below us Came up to See us    the name of the nation is 〈Chin-noo〉 Chin-nook (Chinook Indians) and is noumerous live principally on fish roots a fiew Elk and fowls.   
  • Seashore lupine, Lupinus littoralis Dougl., whose underground rhizome was prepared for eating by Chinook (Chinook Indians) Indians after roasting and pounding it. The common liquorice used for comparison is the cultivated Glycyrrhiza glabra L.
  • November 17, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 18, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Lewis Sunday [NB: Saturday] January 18th 1806. Two of the Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) who were here yesterday returned today for a dog they had left; they remained with us a few hours and departed.   
  • the men are still much engaged in dressing skins in order to cloath themselves and prepare for our homeward journey. The Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) &c construct their houses of timber altogether.   
  • While commonly semi-subterranean, they were sometimes constructed entirely above ground (as among the Wahkiakums (Wahkiakum Indians) , see entry for November 7, 1805). Although varying considerably in terms of construction detail and gross size, the gabled-style Chinookan (Chinook Indians) house was found at least as far north as the Quinaults (Quinault Indians) and as far south as the southern Oregon (Oregon) coast.
  • January 18, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
July 4, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Lewis July 4th 1806. An Indian arrived alone from the West side of the mountains.    〈it〉 he had pursued and overtook us here.    sent out the hunters early to kill some meat to give the indians as they would not go with us further and I was unwilling after they service they had rendered to send them away without a good store of provision.   
  • land poor—    encamped in a handsom high timbered bottom near the river where there was fine grass killed grown squirrel of speceis different from any I had seen Ms. 18   A "Pallote pellow (Palouse Indians) ," according to the Codex L entry, next. They may be Palouse Indians (Palouse Indians) , or more likely Nez Perces (Nez Perce Indians) .
  • July 4, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
Images from Missouri Historical Society, Eleanor Glasgow Voorhis Memorial Collection
  • Indian Groups on Columbia River and Affluents Indian Groups on Columbia River and Affluents,ca.
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from Missouri Historical Society, Eleanor Glasgow Voorhis Memorial Collection
  • Indian Locales on Columbia River and Affluents Indian Locales on Columbia River and Affluents,ca.
  • N.D.
  • Images
Images from Missouri Historical Society, Eleanor Glasgow Voorhis Memorial Collection
  • Indian Groups of the Columbia River Basin Indian Groups of the Columbia River Basin,ca.
  • N.D.
  • Images
February 14, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Shoshone Indians
  • is 220 miles being further by abt. 600 miles than that from the Falls of the Missourie (Missouri River, Great Falls of the) to the last mentioned point (Travellers rest Creek (Lolo (Travelers' Rest) Creek (Mont.)) ) and a much worse rout if indian information is to be relied on which is from the So so nee (Shoshone Indians) or Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians, and the Flatheads (Flathead Indians) of the Columbia (Columbia River) west of the rocky mountains (Rocky Mountains) .   
  • the other or westerly fork passes near a range of mountains and is the fork which great numbers of Indian Bands of the So sone (Shoshone Indians) or Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians, this fork most probably heads with North River or the waters of Callifornia (California) .
  • February 14, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
March 19, 1806 - Clark, William
  • .—    The Kilamox (Tillamook Indians) , Clatsops (Clatsop Indians) , Chinnooks (Chinook Indians) , Cath lah mahs (Cathlamet Indians) Wau ki a cum (Wahkiakum Indians) and Chiltz (Chehalis Indians) I—resemble each other as well in their persons and Dress as in their habits and manners.—    their complexion is not remarkable, being the usial Copper brown of the tribes of North America.   
  • it is from this peculiar form of the head that the nations East of the Rocky Mountains (Rocky Mountains) , call all the nations on this Side, except Aliahtans, So-so-ne, or Snake Indians (Shoshone Indians) by the General name of Flat Heads (Flathead Indians) .
  • Pryor (Pryor, Nathaniel Hale) Could not Pay his Canoes. The Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) Chief Commowool (Coboway) and the two Cath-lah-mah (Cathlamet Indians) s left us this evening and returned to their village.
  • March 19, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Lewis & Clark among the Indians 4. The Mandan Winter
  • Lewis & Clark among the Indians 4. The Mandan Winter
  • Lewis & Clark among the Indians
  • These men, none of whom were American citizens, posed a unique challenge to Lewis and Clark's Indian diplomacy. Were they to be allowed to continue trading with the Indians, thereby undercutting St.
  • N.D.
  • Texts
  • James P. Ronda
June 14, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Charles (Saint Charles, Mo.) , came from the Pawnie (Pawnee Indians) nation, where they had been hunting for 2 years.    they came to us about 11 oClock A.
  • Side. Pawnee (Pawnee Indians) Indians.
  • June 14, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
December 1, 1804 - Clark, William
  • a young Chief arrived 7 Chiens Came to the Village with a pipe & the 3 Ricares (Arikara Indians) who Came here a flew days ago & Sent off yesterday have returned and Say that the Sieaux (Sioux Indians) & ricares (Arikara Indians) are Camped together On one side of this document 65 of the Field Notes are entries for November 3 and December 1, 1804.
  • December 1, 1804
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
December 7, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • At 9 o'clock, the Big-white (Big White (Sheheke)) head chief, of the first village of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) , came to our garrison and told us that the buffaloe were in the prairie coming into the bottom. Captain Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) and eleven more of us went out immediately, and saw the prairie covered with buffaloe and the Indians on horseback killing them. They killed 30 or 40 and we killed eleven of them.
  • Gass (Gass, Patrick) is the first of the expedition to note the Indians' training of buffalo horses.
  • December 7, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
February 14, 1805 - Gass, Patrick
  • Four men set out early with the horses and sleds to bring home our meat; and had gone down about 25 miles when a party of Indians (they did not know of what nation) came upon them and robbed them of their horses one of which they gave back, and went off without doing the men any further injury.
  • Having made our arrangements, we set out early accompanied by some Indians; and having marched thirty miles, encamped in some Indian huts.
  • February 14, 1805
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
July 20, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark July 20th Satturday 1805 a fine morning    we proceded on thro' a valley leaveing the river about 6 miles to our left and fell into an Indian roade which took us to the river above the mo. of a Creek 18 miles    The Misquetors verry troublesom    my man York (York) nearly tired out, the bottoms of my feet blistered. I observe a Smoke rise to our right up the valley of the last Creek about 12 miles distant, The Cause of this Smoke I can't account for certainly tho' think it probable that the Indians have heard the Shooting of the Partey below and Set the Praries or Valey on fire to allarm their Camps; Supposeing our party to be a war party comeing against them, I left Signs to Shew the Indians if they Should come on our trail that we were not their enemeys.
  • July 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
July 28, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Our present Camp is the prosise Spot the Snake (Shoshone Indians) Indians were Camped at the time the Minetarries (Hidatsa Indians) came in Sight, attacked & killed 4 men 4 women & a number of boys, & made prisoners of all the females & 4 boys.
  • July 28, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
November 26, 1805 - Ordway, John
  • we Set out eairly    went about one mile then crossed the River and went down along the South Shore    passed Several Islands, halted at a village of the Clotsop (Clatsop Indians) nation.    they gave us pleanty to eat and appeared verry friendly.   
  • we Campd in a thick part of wood The Indians were Cathlamets (Cathlamet Indians) , living along the south shore of the Columbia River (Columbia River) ; see Clark's (Clark, William) entry for November 11.
  • November 26, 1805
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
June 6, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • one of the party who Stayed at the commeap village (Commearp Village) last night riturnd    informed us that 5 of the Sho-Sho-nee of Snake nation (Shoshone Indians) had come to make peace or treaty with this nation    towards evening Capt Clark (Clark, William) & party returned    the young chief who gave us Several horses and Several more of the natives of his village accompanyd them &C.
  • This was actually news from Clark (Clark, William) about the Cayuse Indians (Cayuse Indians) . Again, Hohots Ilppilp (Hohots Ilppilp) .
  • June 6, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
September 23, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • We left one of our Men behind, in order to hunt for the horses which was lost.    We proceeded on to another Indian Village, which lay on the same Creek, & about 2 Miles distant, and Encamped.    Our officers here purchased from the Indians belonging to this Village, Some Salmon & skins of various kinds which were dressed.    In the Evening we had a Shower of Rain attended with thunder.    The Indians at this Village, live in the same manner as those at the other Village which we left this day, & have Salmon & root bread in great plenty.—    The Indians at this Village are far more numerous than those at the first Village that we came to, after crossing the Mountains.   
  • September 23, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph
October 20, 1805 - Clark, William
  • after brackfast we gave all the Indian men Smoke, and we Set out leaveing about 200 of the nativs at our Encampment; passd. three Indian Lodges on the Lard Side a little below our Camp which lodges 〈we〉 I did not discover last evening, passed a rapid at Seven miles one at a Short distance below we passed a verry bad rapid, a chane or rocks makeing from the Stard.
  • Side on which was four Lodges of Indians drying fish,—    here I Saw a great number of pelicons on the wing, and black Comerants.   
  • after diner we proceeded on to a bad rapid at the lower point of a Small Island on which four Lodges of Indians were Situated drying fish; here the high countrey Commences again on the Stard.
  • October 20, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 28, 1806 - Clark, William
  • We found a Sho Sho ne (Shoshone Indians) woman, prisoner among those people by means of whome and Sah-cah gah-weah (Sacagawea) , Shabono's (Charbonneau, Toussaint) wife we found means of Converceing with the Wallahwallârs (Walula Indians) .   
  • a little before Sun Set the Chim nah poms (Yakima Indians) arrived; they were about 100 men and a fiew women; they joined the Wallah wallahs (Walula Indians) who were about 150 men and formed a half Circle arround our camp where they waited verry patiently to See our party dance.    the fiddle was played and the men amused themselves with danceing about an hour.    we then requested the Indians to dance untill 10 at night.    the whole assemblage of Indians about 350 men women and Children Sung and danced at the Same time.   
  • April 28, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
February 19, 1805 - Clark, William
  • Clark 19th of February Tuesday 1805 a fine Day    visited by Several of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) to day, our Smiths are much engaged mending and makeing Axes for the Indians for which we get Corn
  • February 19, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
January 4, 1806 - Ordway, John
  • Small Showers of rain and hail as usal.    the Clatsop (Clatsop Indians) Indians trade to us Some excelent Sweet roots.    one of the party bought a dog also.—
  • January 4, 1806
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
Weather, September 1805 - Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
  • a sin- gular kind of Prickly Pears. 9th arrived a[t] travelers rest Creek (Lolo (Travelers' Rest) Creek (Mont.)) 10th Met 3 flat head (Flathead Indians) Indians in the pursute of 2 Snake indians who had taken their horses 12th Mounts to our left Covered with Snow 13th a hot Spring 14th killed and eat a colt 15th no water    we are obliged to Substitute the coald Snow. 16th Snow commenced about 4 oClock A.
  • This was their last thermometer and there were, of course, no recorded temperatures for the remainder of the expedition. These Flatheads (Flathead Indians) were probably Nez Perces (Nez Perce Indians) .
  • Clark's (Clark, William) version is, "Snow is about 4 Inches deep." The Indians were actually Nez Perces (Nez Perce Indians) .
  • Weather, September 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William; Lewis, Meriwether
April 18, 1806 - Clark, William
  • Clark Friday 18th April 1806 Early this Morning I was awoke by an indian man of the Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) Nation who informed me that he lived in the neighbourhood of our horses.   
  • I accordingly made him an offer which he excepted and Sold me two horses. Great numbers of Indians from defferent derections visited me at this place to day, none of them appeared willing to part with their horses, but told me that Several were Comeing from the plains this evening. among other Nations who visit this place for the purpose of trade is the Skad-datt's (Klickitat Indians) .    those people bantered the Skillutes (Watlala Indians) to play at a Singular kind of game.    in the Course of the day the Skillutes (Watlala Indians) won all their beeds Skins arrows &c.
  • April 18, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
April 22, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • being now confident that the indians had taken it I sent the Indian woman (Sacagawea) on to request Capt.
  • the Indian woman (Sacagawea) had not reached Capt C. (Clark, William) untill about the time I arrived and he returned from a position on the top of a hill not far from where he had halted the party.   
  • here our Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) guide informed us that the next village was at a considerable distance and that we could not reach it tonight.   
  • April 22, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
May 6, 1806 - Clark, William
  • this river is Called by the Skillutes (Watlala Indians) & Eneshure (Tenino Indians) Nations Towannahhiooks (Deschutes (Clark's, Towanahiook's) River) which is also the name they Call those bands of Snake indians (Shoshone Indians) who Come on this river every Spring to Catch the Salmon—.   
  • the banks low and bead formed of pebbles—. had a Small Shower of rain this evening. The Chopunnish (Nez Perce Indians) about the Mouth of the Kooskooske (Clearwater (Flathead, Kooskooskee) River) bury their dead on Stoney hill Sides generally, and as I was informed by an Indian who made Signs that they made a hole in the Grown by takeing away the Stones and earth where they wished to deposit the dead body after which they laid the body which was previously raped in a robe and Secured with Cords.   
  • This varies from Clark's (Clark, William) earlier description of Nez Perce (Nez Perce Indians) burials farther down the Snake (Snake (Ki-moo-e-nim, Lewis's, Southeast Branch of Columbia) River) , given on October 11, 1805.
  • May 6, 1806
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
Images from the Gallery of the Open Frontier
  • Assinniboine Indians Assinniboine Indians, MT. MT USA 111-sc-82396 Collection: Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer—Signal Corps Photographs of American Military Activity 1890–1891 NARA-NWDNS
  • N.D.
  • Images
August 24, 1805 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Indian (Berry) Creek (Idaho)
  • I had reached the lower part of the cove when an Indian rode up and informed me that one of my men was very sick and unable to come on.
  • On Atlas map 67, at the mouth of present Indian (Berry) Creek (Indian (Berry) Creek (Idaho)) , Clark (Clark, William) has written, "Pin[e] marked W.
  • August 24, 1805
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
November 3, 1805 - Clark, William
  • also great numbers of Sea Otter in the river—    a Canoe arrived from the village below the last rapid with a man his wife and 3 children, and a woman whome had been taken prisoner from the Snake Inds. (Paiute Indians) [NB: on a river from the South which we found to be Mulknoma (Willamette (Multnomah) River) ] on Clarks River (Deschutes (Clark's, Towanahiook's) River) I Sent the Interpreters wife (Sacagawea) who is a So So ne (Shoshone Indians) or Snake Indian (Shoshone Indians) of the Missouri (Missouri River) , to Speake to this Squar, they Could not understand each other Sufficiently to Converse.
  • The harbor seal. The "Snake (Paiute Indians) " woman was probably a Paiute (Paiute Indians) , but perhaps a Shoshone (Shoshone Indians) an whose language was unfamiliar to Sacagawea (Sacagawea) .
  • Actually their original supposition that these Indians were living on the "Clark's" River (Deschutes (Clark's, Towanahiook's) River) (present Deschutes (Deschutes (Clark's, Towanahiook's) River) ) was probably correct.
  • November 3, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
May 10, 1806 - Lewis, Meriwether
  • Indian Territory
  • He was with the famous Nez Perce (Nez Perce Indians) flight in 1877, and with this group was deported to Indian Territory (Indian Territory) , where he died.
  • A medal showing a man sowing grain, one of a series of three depicting the white man's way of life, to show Indians the attractions of "civilization." They were discontinued because most Indians preferred a likeness of the "Great Father"—the president.
  • May 10, 1806
  • Journals
  • Lewis, Meriwether
July 23, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • Six men were sent out to make oars; and two to a nation of Indians up the Platte river (Platte River (Nebr.)) , to inform them of the change of government in this country, and that we were here ready to treat with them.
  • The hunters killed five more deer; and the two men returned from the Indian village, without finding any of the natives. Drouillard (Drouillard, George) and Pierre Cruzatte (Cruzatte, Pierre) . To the Oto (Oto Indians) village east of Yutan (Yutan, Nebr.) , Saunders County (Saunders County, Nebr.) , Nebraska (Nebraska) .
  • July 23, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
August 29, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • In the afternoon the men who had gone to the Indian camp returned and brought with them sixty Indians of the Sioux (Sioux Indians) nation.
  • August 29, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
September 26, 1804 - Gass, Patrick
  • The bank of the river on the south side was covered all the way with Indians; and at 10 o'clock we met the whole band, and anchored about 100 yards from the shore. Captain Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) , the chiefs, and some men went on shore, the Indians were peaceable and kind. After some time Capt. Lewis (Lewis, Meriwether) returned on board, and Capt. Clarke (Clark, William) went on shore. When the Indians saw him coming they met him with a buffaloe robe, spread it out and made him get into it, and then eight of them carried him to the council house.
  • September 26, 1804
  • Journals
  • Gass, Patrick
December 16, 1804 - Ordway, John
  • Some of our men went up to the Mandan (Mandan Indians) Village    4 men came here which belonged to the N W. Compy. of Traders, which are now at the Mandans (Mandan Indians) & Grovantiaus (Hidatsa Indians) .   
  • December 16, 1804
  • Journals
  • Ordway, John
April 8, 1805 - Clark, William
  • proceeded on passed all the villages the inhabitents of which flocked down in great numbers to view us, I took my leave of the great Chief of the Mandans (Mandan Indians) who gave me a par of excellent mockersons, one Canoe filed with water every thing in her got wet.    ⅔ of a barrel of powder lost by this accedent.
  • Side passing a high bluff on the Lad. containing many horizon- tal narrow Stratas of Carbonated wood, wome of which are Sixty feet above the Surface of the water N. 40° W. 3 ½ Camped on the S. S. opsd. a high bluff    an Indian Joined us, also an Indian woman with a view to accompany us, the woman was Sent back    the man being acquainted with the Countrey we allowed him to accompanie us See geology note for April 9.
  • April 8, 1805
  • Journals
  • Clark, William
November 15, 1805 - Whitehouse, Joseph
  • We loaded our Canoes and went with the ebb tide down the River about 4 Miles, and passed a large Indian Village, which was evacuated & some springs, or small Creeks, which lay below Clifts of rocks on both sides of the River.   
  • One of the Men that had went down the River in the Canoe, joined us here.    He informed us, that the Indians had stole several of their Guns last night; but they scared the Indians so much; that they gave them up to them this morning.   
  • November 15, 1805
  • Journals
  • Whitehouse, Joseph

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